CHAPTER 2 3 what causes globalization
Chapter 2-3:
WHAT CAUSES GLOBALIZATION?
Why has globalization expanded so quickly in the second half of the 20th century?
Chapter 1 on defining globalization has hinted at possible causes of the trend.
However, the issue of explanation has not yet been explicitly and systematically addressed.
That is the task of the present chapter.
In the case of major historical trends, social relations involve COMPLEX
INTERCONNECTIONS that cannot be reduced to one sole primary cause like,
the state,
technology,
capitalism
or cultural imperialism.
FOUR (4) GENERAL CAUSES
In the argument elaborated below, globalization is said to have transpired owing to FOUR (4) CAUSES:
1.
The spread of RATIONALISM as a dominant knowledge framework; 2.
Certain aspects of CAPITALIST DEVELOPMENT
3. TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS, particularly in
communications and data processing;
The construction of an international REGULATORY
FRAMEWORK
Other factors: Certain further circumstances have also promoted the creation of global spaces.
4.
None of these four (4) main causes of globalization has held primacy over the others.
The developments in rationalism, capitalism, technology and regulation have been INEXTRICABLY INTERRELATED.
We cannot measure their causal impacts separately, in isolation.
For example, we cannot conclude that,
rationalism has contributed 40 % of the cause of globalization,
capitalism 30 per cent,
technology 20 per cent,
regulation 7 per cent
and other factors 3 per cent.
It means that each of the four (4) primary forces is understood simultaneously to cause and be caused by the others.
Thus,
All four conditions have been NECESSARY to launch and subsequently to ACCELERATE the rise of Globalization.
RATIONALISM
Several major social theories have highlighted the importance of
KNOWLEDGE STRUCTURES in shaping social life.
Thus, for example,
The sociologist MAX WEBER understood MODERNITY largely in terms of RATIONALIST THINKING.
Indeed, THE WAY that people KNOW
WHAT CAUSES GLOBALIZATION?
Why has globalization expanded so quickly in the second half of the 20th century?
Chapter 1 on defining globalization has hinted at possible causes of the trend.
However, the issue of explanation has not yet been explicitly and systematically addressed.
That is the task of the present chapter.
In the case of major historical trends, social relations involve COMPLEX
INTERCONNECTIONS that cannot be reduced to one sole primary cause like,
the state,
technology,
capitalism
or cultural imperialism.
FOUR (4) GENERAL CAUSES
In the argument elaborated below, globalization is said to have transpired owing to FOUR (4) CAUSES:
1.
The spread of RATIONALISM as a dominant knowledge framework; 2.
Certain aspects of CAPITALIST DEVELOPMENT
3. TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS, particularly in
communications and data processing;
The construction of an international REGULATORY
FRAMEWORK
Other factors: Certain further circumstances have also promoted the creation of global spaces.
4.
None of these four (4) main causes of globalization has held primacy over the others.
The developments in rationalism, capitalism, technology and regulation have been INEXTRICABLY INTERRELATED.
We cannot measure their causal impacts separately, in isolation.
For example, we cannot conclude that,
rationalism has contributed 40 % of the cause of globalization,
capitalism 30 per cent,
technology 20 per cent,
regulation 7 per cent
and other factors 3 per cent.
It means that each of the four (4) primary forces is understood simultaneously to cause and be caused by the others.
Thus,
All four conditions have been NECESSARY to launch and subsequently to ACCELERATE the rise of Globalization.
RATIONALISM
Several major social theories have highlighted the importance of
KNOWLEDGE STRUCTURES in shaping social life.
Thus, for example,
The sociologist MAX WEBER understood MODERNITY largely in terms of RATIONALIST THINKING.
Indeed, THE WAY that people KNOW