Characteristics Of The Second Industrial Revolution In Scotland
Second Industrial Revolution
After the period of the first Industrial Revolution, technological development in the world did not stop. The first Industrial Revolution, which had a prominent influence in Scotland, created the heavy industries that were the provocative of the second revolution (Devine & Wormald, 2012). One of the most typical characteristics of the second Industrial Revolution is the introduction of electricity, which is a key economic turning point. Since it makes other inventions like the telegraph possible, it was also important for the shipbuilding industry. It was introduced in 1895 in Edinburgh (Visions of Scotland, n.d.), so we usually consider Scotland to start the second Industrial Revolution at the end of the nineteenth century, which is rather …show more content…
However, in the 1930s the coal mining declined, because they were not competitive anymore, due to a lack of innovation and maintenance.
First World War, Interbellum and Second World War
During the First World War, the heavy industry in Clyde, including shipbuilding and the production of munition, expanded considerably. The shipbuilding industry expanded by a third as a result of the war, this was mainly in Glasgow. It was the the major industrial centre at that time where ships, tanks, aeroplanes were built and munitions were made (Educationscotland.gov.uk, n.d.).
In 1919, after the war ended, the heavy industry started to decline as a result of a sharp downturn in trade and consequently unemployment levels rose. During the Interbellum, due to the fact that the Scots were very dependent on a narrow heavy industry base, they proved incapable of innovating at the same pace as other regions in the UK (Buxton, 1980).
With the start of the Second World War, Scotland again experienced a period of growth. This growth can be attributed to those same heavy industries that almost disappeared after the First World
After the period of the first Industrial Revolution, technological development in the world did not stop. The first Industrial Revolution, which had a prominent influence in Scotland, created the heavy industries that were the provocative of the second revolution (Devine & Wormald, 2012). One of the most typical characteristics of the second Industrial Revolution is the introduction of electricity, which is a key economic turning point. Since it makes other inventions like the telegraph possible, it was also important for the shipbuilding industry. It was introduced in 1895 in Edinburgh (Visions of Scotland, n.d.), so we usually consider Scotland to start the second Industrial Revolution at the end of the nineteenth century, which is rather …show more content…
However, in the 1930s the coal mining declined, because they were not competitive anymore, due to a lack of innovation and maintenance.
First World War, Interbellum and Second World War
During the First World War, the heavy industry in Clyde, including shipbuilding and the production of munition, expanded considerably. The shipbuilding industry expanded by a third as a result of the war, this was mainly in Glasgow. It was the the major industrial centre at that time where ships, tanks, aeroplanes were built and munitions were made (Educationscotland.gov.uk, n.d.).
In 1919, after the war ended, the heavy industry started to decline as a result of a sharp downturn in trade and consequently unemployment levels rose. During the Interbellum, due to the fact that the Scots were very dependent on a narrow heavy industry base, they proved incapable of innovating at the same pace as other regions in the UK (Buxton, 1980).
With the start of the Second World War, Scotland again experienced a period of growth. This growth can be attributed to those same heavy industries that almost disappeared after the First World