Childhood Obesity
The purpose of this paper is to inform the reader of the causes, signs, symptoms, diagnostic tests, treatment methods, prognosis, complications and prevalence of Type 1 diabetes in Children. In this paper, the reader will learn the life expectancy, daily routines, the difference between Type 1 diabetes and Type 2 diabetes, and warning signs in children who are diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes.
According to the National Institutes of Health, an estimated 850,000 to 1.7 million Americans have Type 1 diabetes. Of those, about 125,000 are kids 19 and under. An additional 30,000 Americans develop Type 1 diabetes every year, 13,000 of whom are children (Saunders; 2007). Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the body destroys insulin- producing beta cells in the pancreas. Insulin is required by the body to use glucose, the simple sugar that most foods are broken down into by out digestive system. Type 1 diabetes are different then type 2 diabetes because it is an autoimmune disease. Another difference is that people with Type 1 diabetes have to inject insulin. Since Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmunity disease this means that it is the result of the body’s immune system attacking an organ; in the case of Type 1 diabetes, the body’s immune system is attacking the pancreas as its target.
The process of developing diabetes is gradual. Studies performed by the Joslin Clinic have shown that Type 1 diabetes can be broken down into five stages. 1. Genetic predisposition 2. Environmental trigger 3. Active autoimmunity 4. Progressive beta-cell destruction 5. Presentation of the symptoms of Type 1 diabetes
Children born with Type 1 diabetes have a genetic pre-disposition to the disease, but one or more environmental insults are required to trigger disease.
People with Type 1 diabetes have antibodies in their blood that indicate an “allergy to self,” or an autoimmune condition. The presence of these antibodies is a sign that the body is attacking its
According to the National Institutes of Health, an estimated 850,000 to 1.7 million Americans have Type 1 diabetes. Of those, about 125,000 are kids 19 and under. An additional 30,000 Americans develop Type 1 diabetes every year, 13,000 of whom are children (Saunders; 2007). Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the body destroys insulin- producing beta cells in the pancreas. Insulin is required by the body to use glucose, the simple sugar that most foods are broken down into by out digestive system. Type 1 diabetes are different then type 2 diabetes because it is an autoimmune disease. Another difference is that people with Type 1 diabetes have to inject insulin. Since Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmunity disease this means that it is the result of the body’s immune system attacking an organ; in the case of Type 1 diabetes, the body’s immune system is attacking the pancreas as its target.
The process of developing diabetes is gradual. Studies performed by the Joslin Clinic have shown that Type 1 diabetes can be broken down into five stages. 1. Genetic predisposition 2. Environmental trigger 3. Active autoimmunity 4. Progressive beta-cell destruction 5. Presentation of the symptoms of Type 1 diabetes
Children born with Type 1 diabetes have a genetic pre-disposition to the disease, but one or more environmental insults are required to trigger disease.
People with Type 1 diabetes have antibodies in their blood that indicate an “allergy to self,” or an autoimmune condition. The presence of these antibodies is a sign that the body is attacking its
References: Abhijit Naik, ©2000-2011, 2012 Buzzle.com, articles/type-1-diabetes-life-expectancy.html Alemzadeh R and Wyatt DT. Diabetes mellitus. In: Kliegman RM, ed. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th edition. Saunders; 2007:chap 590. American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes in children -- 2009. Diabetes Care. 2009 Jan;32 Suppl 1:S13-61. Bakris GL, Sowers JR; American Society of Hypertension Writing Group. ASH position paper: treatment of hypertension in children with diabetes-an update. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2008 Sep;10(9):707-13; discussion 714-5. Camilleri M. Clinical practice. Diabetic gastroparesis. N Engl J Med. 2007 Feb 22;356(8):820-9. Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications Study Research Group, Jacobson AM, Musen G, Ryan CM, Silvers N, Cleary P, et al. Long-term effect of diabetes and its treatment on cognitive function. N Engl J Med. 2007 May 3;356(18):1842-52. Farrar D, Tuffnell DJ, West J. Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion versus multiple daily injections of insulin for pregnant women with diabetes. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007 Jul 18;(3):CD005542. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER) 1998-2012