For the materials and methods refer to the online lab manual.
The statistics for the experiments are as
Purpose/Problem: There are four parts to the Enzyme Catalyst lab - Activity A, B, C, and D. In activity A, the characteristics of enzyme actions will be observed. The main purposes are to determine the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction, to study the characteristics of an enzyme mediated reaction, and to observe the effect of heat on enzyme activity. The purpose of activity B is to use the Titration Protocol to determine the initial amount of H2O2 present in a solution. The amount will be the baseline for activities C and D. The purpose of activity C is to determine the rate at which H2O2 spontaneously decomposes when exposed to room temperatures and ambient light for 24 hours. The purpose of activity D is to determine the rate at which catalase decomposes H2O2. After adding H2SO4 for different time lashes, etc., the resulting data will be graphed at which the catalase decomposed by catalase.…
Hold in liquid for about three-seconds and then touch the disk to the inside of the beaker to remove excess drops of liquid.…
When you perform a test of hypothesis, you must always use the 4-step approach: i. S1:the “Null” and “Alternate” hypotheses, ii. S2: calculate value of the test statistic, iii. S3: the level of significance and the critical value of the statistic, iv. S4: your decision rule and the conclusion reached in not rejecting or rejecting the null hypothesis. When asked to calculate p–value, S5, relate the p-value to the level of significance in reaching your conclusion.…
Enzymes are biological catalysts. They work by lowering the activation energy needed to initiate a chemical reaction. Enzymes work within an optimal temperature and optimal pH. Enzymes are highly specific for a single substrate. The Enzyme is usually much larger in size than the substrate it binds to. In some cases, an enzyme requires something called a cofactor to begin the chemical reaction. There were four different experiments that were executed in the enzyme lab. Experiment 7.1, the first experiment, was performed to test the effect of temperature on enzymatic activity. Based on what I know about the effect of temperature on the enzymatic activity of lactase, if the lactase used in today’s lab was extracted from human cells, I hypothesize that the optimal temperature for lactase to be in is around 37 degrees Celsius, which is the average human body temperature. The second experiment performed, experiment 7.2, tested the effect of pH on enzymatic activity. Based on what I know about the effect of pH on the enzymatic activity of lactase, if the lactase used in today’s lab was extracted from human cells, I hypothesize that the optimal pH level is 7, which is the average pH level in humans. Experiment 7.3 tests enzymatic specificity. Knowing that lactase is specific for the substrate lactose, lactase will only bind to lactose and not work with the other substrate used in this experiment, maltose. The last experiment of the lab, 7.4, was done to determine the cofactors of the enzyme, lactase. I hypothesize that EDTA, a cofactor inhibitor, will have a negative effect on the reaction and lower the amount of glucose that could possibly be produced if EDTA was not present.…
The prediction for the effects of temperature on the enzyme activity was that the reaction’s rate would increase as the temperature increased, until they go over the optimum temperature where the enzymes denature and the reaction’s rate quickly drops to zero. At 5 degree C the rate is 0.00059mole PNP/min. This then increases to 0.01031mmoles PNP/min at a temperature of 50 degree C. The rate then drops drastically to -0.00215moles PNP/min. This point is where the enzymes have been denatured and have no activity, shown as the last point on the fig 8 and 9, do not fit on the graph. The optimum temperature was about 47 degree C. The core body temperature is only about 37 degree C and thus these enzymes are operating below their optimum temperature.…
The results of our experiment showed the solutions in both tube 1 and tube 2 increasing in absorbency in the first eight minutes but then tube 1 continued to increase while tube 2 began to balance out. Tube 3, our blank, managed to stay at 0nm the entire twenty minutes. From this data, we can conclude that our hypothesis was supported that EDTA had a greater change in absorption over PTU.…
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Explain in detail the procedure that you followed (including amount of substrate, enzyme etc, and the whole procedure including incubation times) (3 Points)…
Hypothesis: After preforming the lab one time through, we are able to hypothesize about what could happen when we change different factors within the lab. I hypothesize that the lower content of fat in the milk, the less of a reaction we will see within the petri dish. The same goes for saying the less content of fat will cause less of a reaction within the milk.…
1. How does changing the concentration of enzyme affect the rate of decomposition of H2O2?…
speeds the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide, a toxic chemical produced by cells in the body, into water and…
After placing 10 drops of hydrogen peroxide and vinegar substrate in the different forms of avocado, the results were interesting. The ground and reused enzyme had the most evident reactions. It also shows me that enzymes can be reused, because of the reaction rating. Enzymes can be affected by temperatures because the regular enzyme reaction is low. Also enzymes aren’t affected by pH because it had a low reaction. Enzymes are specific because different types of enzymes work for different substrates.…
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Enzymes are a key aspect in our everyday life and are a key to sustaining life. They are biological catalysts that help speed up the rate of reactions. They do this by lowering the activation energy of chemical reactions (Biology Department, 2011).…
Enzymes are a protein serving as a catalyst, a chemical agent that changes the rate of the reaction without being consumed by the reaction. Enzymes are proteins made up of long chains of amino acids. These form complex shapes. The enzymes are individuals, like the different players on a ball team, they have different specific structures and jobs. As one ball player may be very tall and one short, the specific different shape of the active site on an enzyme is unique and prepares it to mix with a certain substrate. Without enzymes, the process of metabolism would be hopelessly slow. The reactant an enzyme acts on is referred to the enzyme 's substrate. The enzyme will combine with or to its substrate. While the two are joined, the substrate is converted to its product by catalytic action of the enzyme. There is an active site of the enzyme molecule which is a restricted region that actually attaches to the substrate. Usually the active site is formed by only a few of the enzyme 's amino acids, the rest is just the framework that reinforces the active site. In an enzymatic reaction, the substrate enters the active site then is held in place by weak bonds. Now the enzyme does its work and first changes shape so it can hold onto the substrate. Next the substrate is changed to its product, the product is released and the enzymes active site is ready and waiting for another molecule of substrate.…