ESTIMATING THE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF FESTIVALS AND EVENTS
ESTIMATING THE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF
FESTIVALS AND EVENTS: A RESEARCH GUIDE
By Ben Janeczko, Trevor Mules and Brent Ritchie
RESEARCH REPORT
RESEARCH REPORT SERIES
The primary aim of CRC Tourism’s research report series is technology transfer. The reports are targeted toward both industry and government users and tourism researchers. The content of this technical report series primarily focuses on applications, but may also advance research methodology and tourism theory. The report series titles relate to CRC Tourism’s research program areas. All research reports are peer reviewed by at least two external reviewers. For further information on the report series, access the CRC website, [www.crctourism.com.au].
Editors
Prof Chris Cooper
Prof Terry De Lacy
Prof Leo Jago
University of Queensland
CRC for Sustainable Tourism
CRC for Sustainable Tourism
Editor-in-Chief
Chief Executive
Director of Research
National Library of Australia Cataloguing in Publication Data
Janeczko, Ben.
Estimating the economic impacts of festivals and events : a research guide.
Bibliography.
ISBN 1 876685 35 2.
1. Festivals - Economic aspects - Australia. I. Mules, Trevor. II. Ritchie, Brent W.,
III. Cooperative Research Centre for Sustainable Tourism. IV. Title.
338.473942
© 2002 Copyright CRC for Sustainable Tourism Pty Ltd
All rights reserved. No parts of this report may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by means of electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher. Any enquiries should be directed to Brad Cox, Director of Publications or Trish O’Connor, Publications
Manager to info@crctourism.com.au.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Although they may have a number of other objectives, festivals and events in small regional destinations often play an important role in tourism development and thereby in economic development. In this study we review basic
FESTIVALS AND EVENTS: A RESEARCH GUIDE
By Ben Janeczko, Trevor Mules and Brent Ritchie
RESEARCH REPORT
RESEARCH REPORT SERIES
The primary aim of CRC Tourism’s research report series is technology transfer. The reports are targeted toward both industry and government users and tourism researchers. The content of this technical report series primarily focuses on applications, but may also advance research methodology and tourism theory. The report series titles relate to CRC Tourism’s research program areas. All research reports are peer reviewed by at least two external reviewers. For further information on the report series, access the CRC website, [www.crctourism.com.au].
Editors
Prof Chris Cooper
Prof Terry De Lacy
Prof Leo Jago
University of Queensland
CRC for Sustainable Tourism
CRC for Sustainable Tourism
Editor-in-Chief
Chief Executive
Director of Research
National Library of Australia Cataloguing in Publication Data
Janeczko, Ben.
Estimating the economic impacts of festivals and events : a research guide.
Bibliography.
ISBN 1 876685 35 2.
1. Festivals - Economic aspects - Australia. I. Mules, Trevor. II. Ritchie, Brent W.,
III. Cooperative Research Centre for Sustainable Tourism. IV. Title.
338.473942
© 2002 Copyright CRC for Sustainable Tourism Pty Ltd
All rights reserved. No parts of this report may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by means of electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher. Any enquiries should be directed to Brad Cox, Director of Publications or Trish O’Connor, Publications
Manager to info@crctourism.com.au.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Although they may have a number of other objectives, festivals and events in small regional destinations often play an important role in tourism development and thereby in economic development. In this study we review basic
References: Alreck, P. A. and Settle, R. B. (1995), The Survey Research Handbook Adams, P. and B. Parmenter (1992) The medium term significance of international tourism for the Australian economy, Bureau of Archer, B. (1982) “The value of multipliers and their policy implications”, Tourism Management, No Brunt, P. (1997), Market Research in Travel and Tourism. Oxford, Butterworth-Heinemann. Challen, D.W. and A.J. Hagger (1979) Modelling the Australian Economy, Longman Cheshire, Sydney. Fredline, E., Mules, T., Raybould, M. & Tomljenovic, R. (1998), Sweet Little Rock and Roller: The Economic Impact of the 1998 Gratton, C., & Taylor, P.D. (1995), Impacts of Festival Events: a Casestudy of Edinburgh, in Tourism and spatial transformations: Implications for Policy and Planning Hall, C. M., (1992), Hallmark Tourist Events: Impacts, management, and planning Jackson, John, Ron McIver, Campbell McConnell and Stanley Brue (1998) Economics 5th edition, McGraw-Hill, Sydney. Jago, L.K., & McArdle, K.O. (1999), A Temporal, Spatial and Thematic Analysis of Victoria’s Special Events, in Proceedings of McDonnell, I., Allen, J. & O’Toole, W.. (1999), Festival and Special Event Management Mules, Trevor (1996) Kate Fischer or Liz Hurley? – Which model shall I use? In Proceedings of the 1996 Australian Tourism and Queensland Government Statisticians Office (1996) Regional InputOutput Tables Queensland 1989-90, Queensland Government, Brisbane. SATC. (1997), 1997 Opera in the Outback Economic and Social Impact Study Veal, A. J. (1997), Research Methods for Leisure and Tourism: a Practical Guide West, Guy (1980) “Generation of Regional Input-Output Tables (GRIT) An Introspection”, Economic Analysis and Policy,