Explain The Expected Pattern Of Development For Children From Birth-19 Years
Understand Child and young person development
1. Understand the expected pattern of development for children and young people from birth-19 years
As a nursery practitioner I should know the sequence and rate of each development from birth-19 years of age. I have discovered that the sequence of development: broadly the same sequence and normal ranges of development. Something I studied, that I thought was very interesting, was the Kohlberg’s stages of moral development. He says that he agreed with Piaget's theory of moral development in principle but wanted to develop his ideas further. Here are some of the development stages I have discovered for children 0-19 years old, they are ;
1.3 Years of age
• Sleeps 20 hours a day
• Crying – main form of communication (fosters early interaction) …show more content…
• Begins to have distinct facial expressions
• Moves around more
• Visual and oral exploration
• Cries, coos, and grunts
• Recognizes parents
• Laughs
• Sits without support
• Repeats words
• Runs
• Toilet training
• Vocabulary of more than 200 words
• Temper tantrums
• Does opposite of what is told
• Expresses negative feelings
• Can jump
• Uses short sentences
• Copies parents’ actions
• Gives orders
• Sense of humour
3 –7Years
• Likes to share
• Plays with other children
• Curiosity – asks many “why” and “how” questions
• Begins dramatic play (acting out whole scenes)
• Can sing a song
• Skips
• Dresses himself/herself
• Talks clearly
• Uses adult sounds
• Growing independence
• Common fears include the unknown, failure, family problems, rejection, and death
• Friends are most commonly the same sex
• Begins to see others’ point of view more clearly
7 – 12 Years
• Trying to find his/her identity
• Rapid body changes from puberty (girls mature before boys)
• Moodiness
• Shyness
• Greater interest in privacy
12-16 years
• Self-involvement
• Complains that parents get in the way of his/her independence
• Very concerned with appearance, body, and sexual attractiveness
• Changes relationships often
16-19 years
• Firmer identity
• Can delay gratification
• Thinks ideas through
• Expresses feelings in words
However it’s also important to know what the difference between the sequences is because children’s development is holistic. Every child will develop differently and at different stages. Some aspects of development affect another. Everyone develops at different rates so it’s good to know the differences, so you know every child’s individual development stage.
2. Understand the factors that influence children and young people’s developments and how these affect practice
Children’s development is influenced by a range of personal development. For example, children with disabilities or learning difficulties may sadly be bullied because people might think they are different from others but children that get bullied, may be influenced to gain motivation to do better. Other ways a child development is influenced is by adult expectations, social and cultural.
Theories of development and frameworks affect practice. For example, Skinner, he said to encourage natural, desirable behaviours through reinforcement. Skinner introduced a new term into the Law of Effect - Reinforcement. Behavior which is reinforced tends to be behavior which is not reinforced tends to die out-or be extinguished. Skinner also said that Punishment is defined as the opposite of reinforcement since it is designed to weaken or eliminate a response rather than increase it. Like reinforcement, punishment can work either by directly applying an unpleasant stimulus like a shock after a response or by removing a potentially rewarding stimulus, for instance, deducting someone’s pocket money to punish undesirable behavior
3. Understand how to monitor children and young people’s development and interventions that should take place if this is not following the expected pattern
There are many methods of monitoring development, for example, informal, formal, observation and assessment. From my experience, we use CAF which stands for common assessment framework, and we use this in out nursery as a method to monitoring a child’s development, if we feel the need that it needs to be monitored. CAF is an approach used by practitioners to assess children's additional needs and decide how these should be met.
Recording, reporting and sharing information will also help a child’s development.
Sharing information with parents and carers will help a child’s development because you can both share views and ideas on how to deal with any development issues. It’s good to share information with parents because the child might act differently at home then what it does at nursery. Also legal evidence to an appropriate professional such as the SENCO can help a child’s development.
There are some reasons why development is not following the expected patterns and that could be; disability, emotional or physical difficulties or communication difficulties.
There are many individuals that will influence a child’s development from 0 - 19 including parents, careers, childcare workers, and teachers , as well as the child's own peer group.Different types of inventions can promote positive outcomes for children where development is not following him expected pattern, for example, a social worker has support for looking after children, a speech and language therapist offers support with communication difficulties and a physiotherapist offers support with a child’s gross motor skills
development.
4. Understand the importance of early intervention to support the speech, language and communication needs of children and young people
It’s important to analyse early identification of speech, language and communication delays because language and communication delays, impacts on cognitive development, learning, social development, emotional development and behaviour. Developmental delay may result from a diagnosed physical or mental condition. While development is dependent upon a number of factors, research suggests the home learning environment is highly significant, with maternal characteristics the strongest influence. Developmental delay as observed in one or more areas may be as a consequence of a disorder.
Multi-agency teams supporting speech, language and communication work together. For example, language therapist and SENCO work together and teachers and school support workers work together. I think it’s good that different agencies work together because they can decide on different ways to helping a child’s development.
Play and activities can be used to help a child’s speech development. For an older child, group activities and whole class discussions could help their speech development because it’s giving them a chance to socialize, express ideas and gain confidence. However, a smaller child would need more fun activities to help them with their speech development and this can be done by singing songs (what we do in our nursery) games, computer games an CD’s.
5. Understand the potential effects of transitions on children and young people’s development
Types of transitions can effect a child’s development, such as birth of sibling, moving house, nursery or school, puberty and leaving care. Transitions can affect a child emotionally because they might feel uncomfortable in the new situation and it may prevent them from developing in the right way. This can cause long- term, medical conditions; intellectually, because they may not be comfortable with moving from one key stage to the next.
Types of transitions can cause physical impact like growth spurts, losing or gaining weight. Also transitions can have an impact on behaviour like anxiety, bed-wetting, withdrawal, moodiness, difficulty in building relationships and lack of trust.
Importance of positive relationships is crucial during periods of transitions because it will affect the child’s emotional, physical, psychological and cognitive development. Having positive relationships will provide the child stability, consistency and security, someone to talk to and who will understand them. It also give the child someone to express their feelings to and opportunities for a child or young person to develop of empathy for others undergoing transitions.
1. Understand the expected pattern of development for children and young people from birth-19 years
As a nursery practitioner I should know the sequence and rate of each development from birth-19 years of age. I have discovered that the sequence of development: broadly the same sequence and normal ranges of development. Something I studied, that I thought was very interesting, was the Kohlberg’s stages of moral development. He says that he agreed with Piaget's theory of moral development in principle but wanted to develop his ideas further. Here are some of the development stages I have discovered for children 0-19 years old, they are ;
1.3 Years of age
• Sleeps 20 hours a day
• Crying – main form of communication (fosters early interaction) …show more content…
• Begins to have distinct facial expressions
• Moves around more
• Visual and oral exploration
• Cries, coos, and grunts
• Recognizes parents
• Laughs
• Sits without support
• Repeats words
• Runs
• Toilet training
• Vocabulary of more than 200 words
• Temper tantrums
• Does opposite of what is told
• Expresses negative feelings
• Can jump
• Uses short sentences
• Copies parents’ actions
• Gives orders
• Sense of humour
3 –7Years
• Likes to share
• Plays with other children
• Curiosity – asks many “why” and “how” questions
• Begins dramatic play (acting out whole scenes)
• Can sing a song
• Skips
• Dresses himself/herself
• Talks clearly
• Uses adult sounds
• Growing independence
• Common fears include the unknown, failure, family problems, rejection, and death
• Friends are most commonly the same sex
• Begins to see others’ point of view more clearly
7 – 12 Years
• Trying to find his/her identity
• Rapid body changes from puberty (girls mature before boys)
• Moodiness
• Shyness
• Greater interest in privacy
12-16 years
• Self-involvement
• Complains that parents get in the way of his/her independence
• Very concerned with appearance, body, and sexual attractiveness
• Changes relationships often
16-19 years
• Firmer identity
• Can delay gratification
• Thinks ideas through
• Expresses feelings in words
However it’s also important to know what the difference between the sequences is because children’s development is holistic. Every child will develop differently and at different stages. Some aspects of development affect another. Everyone develops at different rates so it’s good to know the differences, so you know every child’s individual development stage.
2. Understand the factors that influence children and young people’s developments and how these affect practice
Children’s development is influenced by a range of personal development. For example, children with disabilities or learning difficulties may sadly be bullied because people might think they are different from others but children that get bullied, may be influenced to gain motivation to do better. Other ways a child development is influenced is by adult expectations, social and cultural.
Theories of development and frameworks affect practice. For example, Skinner, he said to encourage natural, desirable behaviours through reinforcement. Skinner introduced a new term into the Law of Effect - Reinforcement. Behavior which is reinforced tends to be behavior which is not reinforced tends to die out-or be extinguished. Skinner also said that Punishment is defined as the opposite of reinforcement since it is designed to weaken or eliminate a response rather than increase it. Like reinforcement, punishment can work either by directly applying an unpleasant stimulus like a shock after a response or by removing a potentially rewarding stimulus, for instance, deducting someone’s pocket money to punish undesirable behavior
3. Understand how to monitor children and young people’s development and interventions that should take place if this is not following the expected pattern
There are many methods of monitoring development, for example, informal, formal, observation and assessment. From my experience, we use CAF which stands for common assessment framework, and we use this in out nursery as a method to monitoring a child’s development, if we feel the need that it needs to be monitored. CAF is an approach used by practitioners to assess children's additional needs and decide how these should be met.
Recording, reporting and sharing information will also help a child’s development.
Sharing information with parents and carers will help a child’s development because you can both share views and ideas on how to deal with any development issues. It’s good to share information with parents because the child might act differently at home then what it does at nursery. Also legal evidence to an appropriate professional such as the SENCO can help a child’s development.
There are some reasons why development is not following the expected patterns and that could be; disability, emotional or physical difficulties or communication difficulties.
There are many individuals that will influence a child’s development from 0 - 19 including parents, careers, childcare workers, and teachers , as well as the child's own peer group.Different types of inventions can promote positive outcomes for children where development is not following him expected pattern, for example, a social worker has support for looking after children, a speech and language therapist offers support with communication difficulties and a physiotherapist offers support with a child’s gross motor skills
development.
4. Understand the importance of early intervention to support the speech, language and communication needs of children and young people
It’s important to analyse early identification of speech, language and communication delays because language and communication delays, impacts on cognitive development, learning, social development, emotional development and behaviour. Developmental delay may result from a diagnosed physical or mental condition. While development is dependent upon a number of factors, research suggests the home learning environment is highly significant, with maternal characteristics the strongest influence. Developmental delay as observed in one or more areas may be as a consequence of a disorder.
Multi-agency teams supporting speech, language and communication work together. For example, language therapist and SENCO work together and teachers and school support workers work together. I think it’s good that different agencies work together because they can decide on different ways to helping a child’s development.
Play and activities can be used to help a child’s speech development. For an older child, group activities and whole class discussions could help their speech development because it’s giving them a chance to socialize, express ideas and gain confidence. However, a smaller child would need more fun activities to help them with their speech development and this can be done by singing songs (what we do in our nursery) games, computer games an CD’s.
5. Understand the potential effects of transitions on children and young people’s development
Types of transitions can effect a child’s development, such as birth of sibling, moving house, nursery or school, puberty and leaving care. Transitions can affect a child emotionally because they might feel uncomfortable in the new situation and it may prevent them from developing in the right way. This can cause long- term, medical conditions; intellectually, because they may not be comfortable with moving from one key stage to the next.
Types of transitions can cause physical impact like growth spurts, losing or gaining weight. Also transitions can have an impact on behaviour like anxiety, bed-wetting, withdrawal, moodiness, difficulty in building relationships and lack of trust.
Importance of positive relationships is crucial during periods of transitions because it will affect the child’s emotional, physical, psychological and cognitive development. Having positive relationships will provide the child stability, consistency and security, someone to talk to and who will understand them. It also give the child someone to express their feelings to and opportunities for a child or young person to develop of empathy for others undergoing transitions.