1.1 History & General
Ford Motor Company is one of the oldest and well-known automakers in the world. Its precursor can go back to last century. The automotive pioneer, Henry Ford established Ford Motor Company in 1903, and firstly adopting large-scale manufacturing and assembly line guaranteed Ford owned the higher efficiency and more competitive advantages than its competitors. Later, the invention of FORD Model T was another milestone. All these innovation stimulated rapid growth of the infant company and became leading player in the industry. Ford Motor today is a truly multinational company, headquartered in Detroit, U.S.A, with a presence in about 260 countries and more than 150,000 employees. It has four automotive operations, Ford North Americas, Ford South America, Ford Europe, and Ford Asia Pacific & Africa. Furthermore, Ford Motor went public on New York Exchange in 1956. Till now, Ford family still controls the company, although they just own minority of the shares.
1.2 Products &Services
Ford Motor has two internationally well-known brands. One is Ford itself which sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the brand, and the other is Lincoln which sells luxury cars. Ford produces various kinds and sizes of cars, utilities and trucks to meet diversified customers’ needs. Ford also owned a financial services company, Ford Motor Credit Company, and provides automotive finance to customers.
1.3 Industry characteristics
The market structure for the whole industry is oligopoly, namely, a small number of sells dominate the whole market. The concentration ratio is quite high. Therefore, international expansion to occupy the market is an irreversible trend, and the demands in emerging market, like China and India is booming. In the current state, due to the stricter environmental regulation, and declining oil reserves, the whole industry is susceptible to oil price, and expected to restructure and