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Humanist Theory in Education

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Humanist Theory in Education
Outline four (4) principles of one the following theory of learning.
Humanistic

Explain, using appropriate classroom examples, how you would apply your understanding of the theory outlined, in implementing four (4) central task of teaching in your classroom.

Shavon Benjamin
SJ116545
2B
St Joseph’s Teachers’ College

Strategies of Teaching & Learning
Mrs. Francis
April 8, 2013

Humanism

There are many different theories of how people learn and in considering their application to how students learn and how teachers teach; educational programmes must be of holistic value. Learning according to the humanistic theory speaks to the holistic value that must be communicated through the process of acquiring new knowledge. Meaning, learning must personify the significance of respect, relationships, inclusion, collaborative and cooperative works and self-responsibility. Learners taught from a humanistic perspective come to understand and appreciate the value of diversity of belief, social and cultural backgrounds, intellectual and creative ability of every individual (Foundation for Holistic Spirituality, 2008). In addition, learners come to recognize that experiences – including their own – are natural and healthy ways of building and embodying communication to give and receive information and insight. The Humanistic theory “focuses its attention on how individuals acquire emotions, attitudes, values and interpersonal skills” necessary for learning (Ormrod, 1999: 412). Essentially, the focal point of the learning angle is on the self; learning is surrounded by “your” perception of “your” experiences. In addition to the focal point of the humanistic learning theory [self-actualization] are “the hidden internal experiences” and the “emphasis the role of feelings” play in “the learning experience” (Hala Fawzi, 2011). This theory led by Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers finds itself rooted on several key tenets. The tenets of the humanistic theory



Cited: Affirming student’s sense of self The theory of self-affirmation (Steele, 1988; Aronson et al., 1999; Sherman & Cohen, 2002) begins with the premise that people are motivated to maintain the integrity of the self Cooper, S (2009). Theories of Learning in Educational Psychology Abraham Maslow: Humanistic Theory of Learning. Retrieved February 20, 2013 from http://www.lifecircles-inc.com/Learningtheories/humanist/maslow.html Cherry, K Dewey, J. (1935). The Acquisition of Facts as a Measure of Reading Comprehension: Elementary School Journal. The University of Chicago Press: Chicago Foundation for Holistic Spirituality (2008) Griffin, P (1997). Introductory module for the single issue courses. In Teaching for diversity and social justice: A sourcebook , Adams, Maurianne, Bell , Lee Ann, and Griffin , Pat, eds. New York : Routledge, pp. 61-81. Hala Fawzi (2011). Perspectives on Learning-: The Humanistic Approach. Yanbu University College Yanbu Al-Sinaiyah. Retrieved April 1, 2013from http://centeach.uiowa.edu/materials/Sample%20PBL%20Activities%20I.pdf Hopkins, R. (1993). David Kolb’s experiential learning-machine. Journal of Phenomenological Psychology, 24:(1), 46-62. Hogan, C. (2002). Understanding Facilitation: Theory & Principles. Houle, C. O. (1980). Continuing learning in the professions. p. 221 Jacques, D (1991) Jones, L (2007). The Student-Centered Classroom. Cambridge University Press: United States of America. Retrieved March 31, 2013 http://www.cambridge.org/other_files/downloads/esl/booklets/Jones-Student-Centered.pdf Kearsley, G. & Shneiderman, B. (1999). Engagement Theory: A framework for technology based teaching and learning. Retrieved July 29, 2009, from http://home.sprynet.com/~gkearsley/engage.htm Kogan Page Kees, Nathalie. (2003). Creating safe learning environments. In Teaching diversity; Challenges and complexities, identities and integrity , edited by W.M. Timpson, S.S.Cannette, E. Borrayo, and R. Wong. Madison , WI : Atwood Press, pp. 55-64. Kids Together (2009). What is Inclusion? Inclusion. Retrieved April 1, 2013 from http://www.kidstogether.org/inclusion.htm Kolb, D Kumpulainen, K. & Wray, D. (eds.)(2002) Classroom Interaction and Social Learning: From Theory to Practice. London: Routledge-Falmer. Maslow, A. (1998). Toward a Psychology of Being, 3rd Edition. Merriam, S. B. & Caffarella, R.S. (1991). Learning in adulthood: A comprehensive guide. San Franciso: Jossy- Bass. Sahakian, W.S Sherman, D., & Cohen, G. L. (2002). Accepting threatening information: Self affirmation and the reduction of defensive biases. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 11, 119-123. Sherman, D & Cohen, G. (2006). The Psychology of Self-Defense: Self-Affirmation Theory. University of California, Santa Barbara Steele, C Sternberg , R. J. & Zhang L. F. (2000). Perspectives on cognitive, learning, and thinking styles. Lawrence Erlbaum: NJ. Teaching Principles (n.d.). Principles of Teaching. Carnegie Mellon University Retrieved March 30, 2013 from Teaching Principles (n.d.). Principles of Teaching. Carnegie Mellon University Retrieved March 30, 2013 from

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