"The Sting of The Sand Fly"
By Jared Yeazell
Admittedly, since the beginning of time, disease has played a drastic role in the history of society. It has affected economic conditions, wars, and natural disasters. The impact of any disease can be far greater than some far better known catastrophes. In 1918, an epidemic of influenza swept the globe, killing between 20 million and 40 million people. Within a few months, more than 500,000 Americans had died. This is a number far greater than the number of people killed during World War I, World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War combined. Over one quarter of the world's population are at risk from parasitic infections, and the majority of these infections are confined to the world's poverty belt, the tropics and sub-tropics. Low income levels are greatly associated with debilitating disease patterns. Kala Azar, Black Fever, Sand Fly Disease, and Dum Dum Fever; all different names for one fatal, flesh-eating disease, spread by the almighty bite of the vicious female sand fly. The common name for this deadly disease is Leishmaniasis. Approximately 350 million individuals in 88 countries; including Afghanistan, Syria, Saudi Arabia, Peru, Iran, Brazil and parts of China, are at great risk of contracting Dum Dum Fever.
Leishmania is a genus of Trypanosomatid protozoa, the parasite responsible for the disease Leishmaniasis. Protozoa are single-celled and considered to be the simplest of all organisms in the animal kingdom. The types of blood-sucking protozoa which cause the Sand Fly Disease are in coincidently carried by the blood-sucking sand fly. The sand fly is referred to as the disease vector, meaning that the infected protozoan is now being carried by the sand fly. Over time, it will soon be passed on to other animals or humans, in which the protozoan