Mill, Rousse, Hobbes, Locke
What is common in Locke, Hobbes and Rousseau is state of nature. In the state of nature all people are equal although they have different tallents they are equal, because having different tallents doesn't prevent equality - and have same rights but in time they try to command each other and make domination upon them. Hobbes associate this desire with the effort to dispel the insecurity which is caused by equality between people. According to his opinion, if two people desire the same thing that they can not possess at the same time, they turn on each other. we can affirm that this hostility is generated by equality-. Mainly for the purpose of protecting their entity, sometimes only by enjoying they try to destroy or dominate each other. For protecting himself a person thinks its required to increase the dominance upon others. As a result of this, war between people emerges. He says that " As long as there is not state, there is always war among people" The duty of the state is individual's security. He assigns a state that would limit freedom to establish security and limit people to prevent them to hurt other people.
"And therefore so long as a man is in the condition of mere nature, which is a condition of war, private appetite is the measure of good and evil: and consequently all men agree on this, that peace is good, and therefore also the way or means of peace, which (as I have shown before) are justice, gratitude, modesty, equity, mercy, and the rest of the laws of nature, are good; that is to say, moral virtues; and their contrary vices, evil."
As a foundation of the law of nature he asserts that, "Don't act like you dont want what is done to you."
Rousseau relates the desire of domination, with "faculty of self-improvements". We always want to be superior than others and this causes inequality between people. So, state is required for satisfaction of people's basic needs and providing oportunities.
When it comes to Locke, the reason is the