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Geography impacts the development of civilizations in several important ways. A group of peoples that find themselves in a land locked situation will not be able to take advantage of waterways, river and seas. With no ports, their ability to fish and use commerce by sea impacts their ability to interact with nations that have water as an asset. Nations that find themselves in rugged and mountainous regions will not be able to farm effectively. Deserts and frigid areas may cause people to migrate to more hospitable locations. Unfavorable geography will stifle those peoples that chose to remain in their circumstances Geographic conditions helped influenced the development of civilizations by allowing permanent settlements, irrigation for crops, and a constant water supply. This led to the increase in human population, which led to cities which resulted in civilizations. Some early river valley civilizations consist of: Mesopotamia, Egypt, India, and China.
Mesopotamia civilizations developed along the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. This area can also be referred to as the Fertile Crescent. Egypt civilizations developed along the Nile River. The Sahara Desert and other geographic features protected Egypt from invasion, kept them isolated, and preserved culture. Indian civilizations developed along the Indus and Ganges River. India depended on seasonal monsoons for agriculture. India was protected and isolated from the Himalaya Mountains. Chinese civilizations developed along the Huang He and Yangtze Rivers. The Chinese were isolated and protected by the Himalaya Mountains and the Hindu Kush Mountains. This lead to the development of a traditional culture. The Chinese developed a ethnocentric view of the world. They thought they were superior to other cultures and viewed them as barbarians.

Geography affected the U.S civilization in any ways; it affects the civilization in its location, place, human-environment interaction, and movement ad region. Because geography