Q.1:- Define project management, resource, process and project cycle. Explain the life-cycle of a project.
Ans:- Project management: It is an art of controlling the cost, time, manpower, hardware and software resources involved in a project. as “the application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to project activities to meet project requirements”. Project management is accomplished through the application of and integration of the project management processes of initiating, planning, executing, monitoring and controlling, and closing. The project manager is the person responsible for accomplishing the project objectives.
Need for project management: Project management is necessary because:-
(a) A project requires huge investments which should not go waste
(b) A loss in any project would have direct or indirect impact on the society
(c) Prevent failures in projects
(d) Scope of the project activity may undergo a change
(e) Technology used may change during the course of project execution
(f) Consequences of negativity in project related problems could be very serious
(g) Changes in economic conditions may affect a project
Resource: We discussed earlier that the most important step to arrive at the relationship between the four constraints is to make an accurate assessment of the resources required, and the costs thereof. At this stage, we shall broadly classify the resources required under four categories.
(a) Manpower refers to all the man hours required from various personnel working directly or indirectly on the project.
(b) Materials refer to all materials that become part of the project. In the case of a building this will include cement, steel, aggregates, doors & windows, mechanical electrical/instrumentation equipment and materials, finishing materials like tiles water proofing, ironmongery, consumables utilized in the construction etc. In summary all materials that become part of the building