The autistic brain functions differently than an average brain. The structural differences in the brain, such as mini-columns with numerous small brain cells, cause a person with autism to think, perceive and react to things differently than a person with typical brain development.…
“One health epidemic at the forefront of public consciousness is autism, a grain disorder that impairs a person’s ability to communicate, socialize and participate in group behavior.” In reading about autism, the diagnostic criteria require that symptoms become apparent before a child is three years old. As stated in Wikpedia under Autism, [2] Autism affects information processing in the brain by altering how nerve cells and their synapses connect and organize; how this occurs is not well understood. [3] Some say that Autism has a strong genetic basis, although the genetics of autism are complex and it is unclear whether ASD is explained more by rare mutations, or by rare combinations of common genetic variants. [5] In rare cases, autism is strongly associated with agents that cause birth defects. [6] Controversies surround other proposed environmental causes, such as heavy metals, pesticides or childhood vaccines.…
The rate of Autism in our society is rapidly growing with time. More and more children are being diagnosed with this exceptionality. Autism is classified as a developmental disability that results from a disorder in the central nervous system. It causes impairments to social interaction, communication, imagination, interests, and activities. Most of the issues based around Autism are controversial because it is still not known what the cause of Autism is! Researchers strive every day to find why it is caused, but still nothing has been proven.…
There are many in the scientific community who believe that there is a strong genetic component or pre-disposition to autism spectrum disorders.…
Isolated in their own worlds, people with autism appear indifferent and remote. They are normally unable to form emotional bonds with others. Although people with this brain disorder can display a wide range of symptoms and disabilities, many are incapable of understanding other people's thoughts, feelings, and needs. Often, their language and intelligence do not fully develop. This makes communication and social relationships difficult. Many people with autism engage in repetitive activities, like rocking or banging their heads, or rigidly following familiar routines. Some of those with autism are painfully sensitive to sound, touch, sight, or smell.…
Autism belongs to a collection of developmental disorders known as the autism spectrum disorder. Autism is defined as a ‘lifelong condition that impinges on how an individual communicates with and relates to others’ (Gray, 2007). Most of the symptoms are seen from the age of 2 to 3 years when being noticed by the health care professionals and diagnosed (Aylott, 2000). For instance, repetitive behaviours, communication problems, difficulties with social interaction, being over under sensitive to sight, sound, smell, touch and test. Numbers of diagnosed cases have increased in the last 2 decades which may be due to health professionals getting better at diagnosing the cases at an early stage (NHS choice, 2011). There are over 50,000 people in UK with autism and including the families, autism touches the life of over 2,000,000 people everyday (National Autistic Society, 2011). In England estimated figures show that about 1 in 100 children have autism. Boys are three to four times more likely to develop autism than girls (Kay, 2007).…
Autism is generally accepted that it is caused by abnormalities in the brain structure or function. In many families, there appears to be a pattern of autism or related disabilities supporting the theory that autism has a genetic basis. Some of the characteristics of an autistic child are, does not babble or coo by 12 months, does not gesture or say a single word much less can speak two word phrases by 12-24 months of age as the child grows he or she may have difficulties communicating or relating to events or people around them, they often play with toys and objects in unusual ways and have difficulty adjusting to changes to their lives such as familiar surroundings or in their daily routine. These characteristics are evident by the age of three.…
Autism spectrum disorder is a general term for the complex neurological diseases that affect brain development. The common characteristics of the disease are difficulties in social interactions, speech communication and repetitive sounds and movements. In May of 2013, the DSM-5 diagnostic manual placed all autism disorders under one umbrella known as ASD or autism spectrum disorders. This merged all of the sub-types like Asperger syndrome, autistic disorder, childhood disintegrative disorder, pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified (autism speaks, 2014). Common characteristics of autism are intellectual disability, challenges in motor coordination, attention span issues, physical issues like sleep and gastrointestinal disturbances. Some children with autism spectrum disorders have excellent visual skills, music, math and art abilities. Autism is born in early brain development. Evident signs of autism emerge between the age of two and three years of age. If a child is diagnosed at an early age behavioral therapies can be used to improve the development of the child. In our society the number of autism disorder is increasing in number of cases reported. However, it is not clear whether this is due to better detection and reporting or is it a real increase in the number of cases of children with autism spectrum disorder. Autism spectrum disorder is a heterogeneous condition which means no two children or adults with autism have exactly the same symptoms, but challenges fall into core domains that are reliably measured and normally consistent across time, even though specific behaviors may change with development (Lord, 2000).…
Autism is defined as a mental condition, present from early childhood, characterized by great difficulty in communicating and forming relationships with other people and in using language and abstract concepts (Miriam–Webster 2012). However, the Cal Fullerton graduate Robert Moran (2012) summed it up best when he stated “I have autism. It is not a disorder or a disease. Ignorance is a disorder and a disease. It needs to be eradicated.” (para 1.). Since the diagnosis of autism has been on the rise since the 1980’s and the current prevalence is 1 in 88 (U.S. Center for Disease Control and Prevention 2012). The time for advanced legislation to inform parents about this condition is now. Current laws that are on the books dealing with autism are geared towards discrimination. A bill is needed that mandates autism screenings during annual pediatric visits and acts as an addendum to the current Affordable Health Care Act. There are some distinct reasons why this necessary and beneficial.…
(2) So in other words it is hard to communicate with an autistic patient and it is very hard to control their behavior because it is very sporadic. Autism in most cases is solely genetic based, but in other rare cases it is strongly associated with agents that cause birth defects. (3) Other little important facts are the prevalence of autism is about 1–2 per 1,000 people worldwide; however, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports approximately 9 per 1,000 children in the United States are diagnosed with Autism. (4) Some characteristics of autism are…
There are genetic, environmental, immunological and neurological factors that are thought to play a role in the development of this disorder. Past studies of ASD have been inconsistent and controversial. According to the Journal of Leukocyte Biology in the article The immune response in autism: a new frontier for autism research by Paul Ashwood, Sharifia Wills and Judy Van de Water states that the studies have been inconsistent because of the small sample sizes, inappropriate controls, and the lack of consideration for ASD phenotypic heterogeneity. In recent years the studies have fixed these concerns and a link has been made with immunological factor. This immunological connection to ASD is now becoming widely accepted.…
Before you learn about the causes and statistics of autism, you must first have a basic understanding of what autism is. Autism is a complex disorder that affects each person differently. Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are a group of developmental disabilities that can cause significant social, communication, and behavioral challenges. ASDs are "spectrum disorders," meaning that it affects each person in different ways, and can range from very mild to very severe. People with ASDs share some similar symptoms, such as problems with social interaction.…
Difficulties in obtaining a diagnosis of autism are well documented, and as children with autism often display developmental difficulties from birth, families experience much early frustration as said by Lawson (2000), ‘Families... may even think that their child is simply out to make life difficult for them. More often than not, the child simply hasn’t understood’. In addition the delay in diagnosis can lead to its own stresses due to uncertainty, as well as delay in appropriate interventions and specialist educational provision. Even before diagnosis, the majority of families are aware of early abnormalities in their child’s development, this was confirmed in the pilot study by Midence & O’Neill (1999). This study also concluded an earlier diagnosis is needed, and better awareness of developmental problems in young children is needed by health professionals, as once diagnosed parents can begin the adjustment process, and begin to comprehend the diagnosis and plan for the future.…
The cause for autism remains unclear to scientists, although most neurological studies seem to indicate a dysfunction in the brain as a possible reason. Autism has been found in children with brain abnormalities such as congenital rubella syndrome, neurofibromatosis, and tuberous sclerosis (“Autism Fact Sheet”). Autism can also be present in genetic syndromes such as the Fragile X syndrome and phenylketonuria (“Autism Fact Sheet”). Autism affects the normal development of the brain in the areas of social interaction and communication skills. Children and adults with autism have difficulties in verbal and non-verbal communication, social interactions and leisure or play activities. It is hard for them to relate to the outside world and to communicate with others. Aggressive and/or self-injurious behavior may be present in some cases. They may…
Autism spectrum disorders are life long and have been found to be prevalent in up to 1% of the adolescent population (Simonoff et al., 2008). Many studies have shown that the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders have increased radically (Vismara & Rogers, 2008). However, there may be many cases not yet reported or diagnosed correctly. The disorder covers a range of individuals with impairments that change from one person to the next. One individual may have difficulty with language communication and another might have more difficulty with repetition. Since ASDs have an early onset, it is important to identify the disorder early so that interventions can be initiated (Simonoff et al., 2008). The disability is life long and treatment is needed…