Spinal cord injury happens when an acute traumatic damage to the a certain area or the complete spinal cord (including the intervertebral disc joints) or nerves roots within the spinal column occurs. This type of injury can cause stretching, bruising, pressure, severing and laceration. The cauda equina is a bundle of spinal nerves and spinal nerve roots, that can be damaged as well and results in temporary or permanent loss of movement (motor function), sensation (sensory function), and bodily systems (autonomic functions). Spinal cord injury has a huge effect on all muscles including your diaphragm, deltoid, triceps, quadriceps and many more.
Recognizing that the vertebral column is so long, each different vertebrae is able to connect to at least one of the many important back muscles or muscle groups. When the vertebral column becomes fractured, bones, joints, ligaments and even muscles can move and misplace making it important to seek medical help immediately. Some symptoms that can be experienced are muscle weakness, numbness, tingling in one or both legs, Increased reflexes in one or both legs that can cause spasticity, changes in bladder or bowel function or even paralysis from the waist