The model explains the relationship between the individual and contextual factors and considers misconduct as the product of multiple levels of influence on behavior. The overlapping rings in the model illustrate how factors at one level influence factors at another level. Besides helping to clarify these factors, the model also suggests that in order to prevent violence, it is necessary to act across multiple levels of the model at the same time (Wearmouth, Glynm, & Berryman, 2005), that is, the individual, the community and the society level
Students’ Disciplinary Policies and Practices
Generally, literature on student disciplinary practices and polices is lacking. According to Smith and Hains (2013), the available literature about …show more content…
The enforcements of codes of conduct is to motivate the student to make better choices so that inappropriate behaviors are not repeated and assist students in obtaining a deeper understanding of the impact their behaviour may have on themselves and or others now and in the future (Dickestein, 2011). Specifically, the purpose of student conduct processes is three fold; to prevent exploitation and harm of student; to promote an atmosphere conducive for free discussion and learning; and, to nurture a sense of mutual responsibility and moral community in students (Hoekama 1994 as cited in Dannells, 1997, p. 51). The Association for Student Conduct Administration (ASCA) also states that enforcement of such standards form a basis for behavioral expectation of an academic …show more content…
Perpetrators are at risk of developing a maladaptive social life at school that reduces one’s ability to forge a sense of belonging (Miller, 2011). Furthermore, misconduct may harm the integrity of the future workforce where the perpetrator maybe more likely to engage in misconduct in the future occupational roles (Ogilvie & Stewart, 2010). Similarly, misconduct may result in judicial or legal sanctions and penalties, loss of student’s status, financial burdens, arrested development and shame for having lost control and violated the rights and safety of others (Pezza & Bellotti,