Adaptive immunity (p.446): The body’s ability to recognize and defend itself against distinct invaders and their products.…
Many organisms, including humans, have symbiotic bacteria in their guts that aid digestion. Symbiosis is an intimate relationship between different organisms in which both the host organism, e.g. the human, and the symbiote, e.g. bacteria, benefit from each other. In this case, the bacterium gets a favorable environment and food source in the intestines of a human. In return, these bacteria improve the digestibility of food through a host of enzymatic processes.…
Bonnie Bassler claims that bacteria although simple have complex systems that they use to communicate with each other to coordinate. This is crucial to humans because Dr. Bassler considers humans to be 90-99% bacterial. Dr. Bassler states we have about one trillion human cells but we have about 10 trillion bacterial cells that either live in or on humans. The number of bacterial genes in those cells outnumber humans by 100 times since humans only have 30,000 genes. These bacteria share a mutualistic relationship with the humans. For example the bacteria that live on the skin forms a body armor. Bacteria also live in the body which digests our food and teaches the immune system which microbes are bad. However, there also bacteria that can damage they do to the host which is its virulence. Then there is also the bacteria’s ability to cause disease called pathogenicity. Bacterial relationships can be seen in other animals as well.…
Life as We Knew it by Susan Beth Pfeffer starts out with a society much like our own in the United States. People are excited for their futures and hopeful of what is to come. After the moon is knocked out of orbit the world goes into a panic and is chaotic. The hopefulness towards the future is declined as the conditions get worse. Everyone is trying to do what is best for their family.…
Microbes, despite being the most abundant organisms on Earth, were relatively inconspicuous to humans until the 17th century. These life forms have evolved their mechanisms of growth and survival in order to face the harsh conditions of the planet. While it often seems like two types of microbes, viruses and bacteria, have only impacted human life by increasing the fatality rate, Dorothy H. Crawford’s book, Deadly Companions, refutes this claim. Crawford argues that there are more important effects involved with microbial presence, as they have thrived during specific stages of human cultural history and have had a major impact on previous generations that have become lasting developments. More specifically, microbes have forced humans, the…
We are a lot like Chimpanzees when it comes to the bacteria and microbes we carry in our body’s. I learned a lot about how chimpanzee’s intestines work and how they need to be social in order to remain healthy. The article mostly focused on the changes in bacteria and microbe levels when the chimpanzees were social. I like the article and what it was about. It had some interesting things in it that I had never heard of before I read this article. There is not much about the article that I would change. It made the point it was trying to get across clear and it the flowed together very well. The only question I still have about the article and topic is how are the chimpanzees affected when the bacteria levels are low? The article only mentioned that the levels were low when they are not sociable but not about what happens to them when it is low. At the end of the article it speaks about the gut microbiomes in humans. There has not been a study done on humans because some of the things they did to the chimpanzees are not allowed to be done on…
Cited: El-Mayas, H. (Presenter). (2013, September 26). Humans of the microbial world. Lecture presented at Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA.…
We live in a world full of bacteria, in fact, bacteria is all around us. They are tiny, one celled creatures that get nutrients from their environments in order to live. In some cases that environment is a human body. But not all bacteria are bad. Some bacteria are good for our bodies; they help keep belongings in balance. Good bacteria live in our intestines and help us use the nutrients in the food we eat and make waste from what is left over. We could not make the most of a healthy meal without these important helpful germs! Scientists in labs produce medicines and vaccines, which also use some bacteria. The novel Good Germs Bad Germs, by Jessica Snyder Sachs, gives an insight look into a future in which antibiotics will be designed and used more wisely, and beyond that, to a day when we may replace antibacterial drugs and cleansers with bacterial ones (each custom-designed for maximum health benefits).…
The body has several defences against pathogens so that we do not fall ill with the diseases they cause.…
Microbial Diversity Microbial Ecology (Microbial Ecosystems) Microbial Control Microbial Interactions Human Defenses Microbes and Human Disease…
Goines, P., & Van de Water, J. (2010). The immune system’s role in the biology of…
Pride in "A raisin in the sun"� Lorraine Hansberrys' A raisin in the sun concerns a colored family having to live with different forms of racism throughout their everyday lives. Throughout the story, Hansberry focuses on the theme of pride throughout many characters. Walter, Mama, and Beneatha all show a sense of pride throughout the way that they live.…
SHADES OF BLUE: You used to paint me twenty-four shades of blue. When you were finished, there were traces of me on you. You’d paint me at the beach lying on the shore You’d paint me like you needed me,…
Microorganisms are living organism that cannot be seen the unaided human eye. They are microscopic or submicroscopic. (Biology Online, 2016) Most of these microorganisms are unicellular creatures. These are what humans need to be able to digest the food they consume and to be making sure there is normal development in their immune system. There can also be disadvantages to these because microbes such as viruses. Bacteria etc can cause diseases if the individual’s immune system cannot fight these microbes off.…
Colgate-Palmolive headquartered in New York City is the biggest seller of toothpaste and a world leader in oral care products (mouthwash, toothpastes, and toothbrushes). The company also makes personal care products (baby care, deodorants, shampoos, soaps) and household cleaners (bleaches laundry products, soaps). Its other well-known brands include Palmolive dishwashing liquid and tabs, Ajax surface cleaners, and laundry detergent. Colgate operates in more than 70 countries and sells products in more than 200.…