References: Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Infection in Humans (2005). The New England Journal of Medicine. Retrieved November 2, 2012, from, http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMra052211…
Although you may not recognize this disease as I have named it. The flu is a common, yet dangerous disease. Although like a shape-changing monster out of a movie, this is one of, if not the most, varied type of virus. There are at least several strains of Influenza, and each has to have its own antibodies. This is a very versatile virus, each epidemic being a different strain. This means that this particular virus is interchangeable, each with similar yet different symptoms.…
Additional measures may be required during a pandemic to minimize the virus from transmitting by hard surfaces (sinks, door and cupboard handles, railings, objects, counters, etc). While a minor "mode of transmission" (way of spreading), influenza viruses can live on hard surfaces for up to 2 days.…
Others have questioned the need to increase influenza vaccination rates among HCWs, claiming that HCWs should simply avoid patient contact when ill. Unfortunately, although HCWs say that they will stay home when sick, in reality, many HCWs routinely come to work with symptoms of influenza-like illness.32,46,47 In addition, people may shed influenza virus during the 24 hours before the onset of clinical illness48 or in the absence of clinical symptoms,49 which enables HCWs to transmit the virus to their patients, even when the HCWs feel well. A variety of ethical issues are involved in a mandatory program such as this. In sum, one attempts to balance the benefits that accrue to patient safety against the loss of the individual’s right to choose.50-52 During the planning process for our program, the ethics committee was involved, and we enlisted the help of outside ethicists as well. Overall, it was felt that the importance of protecting our patients was paramount. However, a mandatory program needs to be flexible enough so that valid reasons for avoiding vaccine use can be accommodated. We include both medical and religious reasons as part of this process.…
In the early years of 1918 through 1920, influenza stormed around the world in the worst pandemic in recorded history, killing at least fifty million people, and more than half a million of them were Americans. Yet, despite the devastation, many groups of people within the United States handed this epidemic very differently from each other. There were differences between “men as well as women, whites as well as people of color, middle and upper classes, as well as the working class…”(Bristow p.9). After all the commotion of this monstrosity, and how it was feared, Americans had also neglected the pandemic and soon erased all events from their memory and history.…
It is important to know about how the flu is transmitted from one individual to the next. Experts agree that the flu virus is spread by an affected individual’s droplets from talking coughing or sneezing. These droplets that can extend out to 6 feet in distance can be inhaled or land on people’s mouths or noses. The virus can also be spread by touching an object of an affected individual and then placing their hands on their own nose and mouth. The flu is contagious and affected individuals are able to spread the virus anywhere from one day before symptoms develop to up to seven days after becoming sick. This is crucial because one can spread the virus to others unknowingly before getting sick themselves. Individuals can carry…
World Health Organization. (2014, Jan 24). Influenza at the human-animal interface. Retrieved Feb 20, 2014, from www.who.int: www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_summary_IRA_HA_interface_24January14.pdf?ua=1…
Influenza affects an estimated 5-15% of the world 's population and results in 500,000 deaths annually (World Health Organization, [WHO], 2009b). In the United States (US), between 1979 and 2001, an average of 226,000 persons was hospitalized and 36,000 died each year as a result of complications from influenza (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2007). The primary and most effective method of symptom reduction and prevention of influenza is vaccination (Sullivan, 2010). Influenza vaccination…
The flu, or influenza, is a virus that hits the United States every year in the late fall and winter, and we can’t seem to break away from it. I will be discussing the controversy of parents not knowing what types of vaccine to give their children, what age to do it at, if they should even get the shot, and the side effects that go along with it. All my life I got the flu vaccine because my parents believed in it greatly. In the past couple years I have been questioning the vaccine because when I would get it, I would feel sick. Hearing things on the media and hearing around, false allegations are made about the flu virus each year. Research has led me to the decision of always receiving the flu vaccine; the risks are much higher without it.…
There is a way to get infected with the flu it is from an animal when they cough then the mucus spreads through the air and gestures into people’s lungs. “Influenza can be cured with rest and fluids but there is the flu shot or specific medications for certain symptoms … “ ( “Center of Disease Control”).…
Central Idea: To better understand the different types of Influenza viruses that can affect humans. It is important to explore what it is, how it’s spread, who is at risk, and the best protection against it.…
The avian influenza virus or bird flu is a disease that is “caused by infection with avian (bird) influenza (flu) Type A virus” (Centers for Disease Control…
Everybody needs to make sure that they wash their hands properly with soap and water. Covering the nose and mouth while sneezing or coughing is a good practice to prevent the transmission of flu. Moreover, proper cleaning of the household equipment is also very important in the prevention of the transmission.…
Researcher have indicated that the uptake rates of annual influenza uptake is effected by several factors, such as locational setting of vaccination availability (Lu 2014), the cost of administering vaccine (Wada 2013) and the perceived vulnerability for the age groups (Wu 2013). Many of these factors also can be perceived as barriers that impact the vaccine uptake rates. Although these barriers here contribute to low annual uptake of influenza vaccine in adults, public health officials can minimize the impact of barriers to increase the levels of vaccine uptake in several ways. Majority of adults receive influenza vaccines in a medical setting (38.4%), but a large remaining portion of adults receive vaccines in non-medical settings because…
A seven week old baby, Colin Durkin, died of exposure to pertussis or “whooping cough.” Young infants, including Colin, are not able to get vaccines that can protect them from harmful diseases until the age of 2 months. A young 2 year-old girl, Lois, died of Diphtheria after not being vaccinated (Hardman). Two year old Gianna, from Sioux Falls, died from the flu virus. “We’d like to tell other families to take the flu seriously.” “It may look like the common cold at first, but flu viruses can turn deadly,” said Gianna’s mother. Gianna did not get a flu shot because the family didn't make time to bring her in (Wehrkamp). Vaccinations should be mandatory for children; they can prevent harmful diseases, and save time and money. Before…