Imagine seven women surrounding you to hold down your limbs as another looms over you with a crude medical instrument and, if you’re one of the “lucky” ones, a syringe filled with local anesthetic used for the many girls that have undergone the same unnecessary procedure before you. The elder preforming the cutting is no medical professional. The only training she has is from the procedures she has performed on the other girls in your village. Your bloodcurdling screams rip through the town as they beam with pride that you’re following the cultural tradition that has been waging war on the given right of sexual pleasure and choice for women for 5,000 years. As you sob, the woman sews your labia closed and tie your legs to promote quicker healing. Your mother is no doubt cradling your head, smiling and whispering, “now, you are pure. Now, you are a woman.” Every detail will remain etched into your memory as you’re between two and fifteen-years-old.…
In the article “How Boys Become Men”, written by John Katz, he analyzes situations he experienced while growing up. Katz believes that boys become men by not showing fear or feelings and not ratting on others. As in the novel, The Other Wes Moore, both Weses are forced to become men at an early age. They experience events that push them to make decisions that make them grow and think like men do. Katz details the maturation process for boys, as the book, The Other Wes Moore, does with both Weses. They make decisions and take actions to mature and become a men.…
The Sundance, or known to the Lakota as Wiwanyag Wachipi, is one of the most fundamental and sacred rites of the Lakota people. It is also one of the more complex rituals, as it is a dance aligned with the sun for three days and two nights and there are numerous small details that must be done before the ritual can take place. Created as a means of bringing together the Lakota people and providing community during hardship, the Sundance is the largest and quickest pan-Indian movement up to date.…
The five psychosexual stages of development start from birth and continue until death. They go as follows: Oral (Birth - 18 Months), Anal (18 Months - 3 Years), Phallic (3 - 6 Years), Latent (6…
In the article “Boys Will Be Boys”, Barbara Kantrowitz and Claudia Kalb, the authors introduced boys are different from girls by a story at the start, and then describe that boys and girls really come from two completely different “planets”, and give some statistics to back this up. Boys and girls have two different “crisis points”, which are stages of emotional and social development, where things can go seriously wrong. Kantrowitz and Kalb both think that boys aren’t get enough attention as girls and boys should needed more help because they are the ones who are more likely to have discipline problems at school and more likely to commit violent crimes and end up in jail. The following, Kantrowitz and Kalb use many interesting stories and statistics, to help the reader understand the difference between boys and girls, like embryonic stage and infants. Later on in the article, another big difference that is pointed out by the authors is that boys and girls develop physically and intellectually at a very different rates. The authors think that parent is vital in the boys growing up. Because parents can do many things to teach their children like call a family meeting, specifically with boys. In the last of the article, Kantrowitz and Kalb wish the parents of boys should go with the flow, and get the conclusion “Boys will be boys. And we have to let them”.…
She analyzes an interpretation of the context of Pharaonic circumcision in the village Hofiyat of Northern Sudan, of which the population consists mainly of Muslims. She says that the Sudanese villagers of Hofiyat regard circumcision as a purification process. This is especially important, considering that “In Sudan, as elsewhere in the Muslim world, a family’s dignity and honor are vested in the conduct of its womenfolk”. The summer is seen as the season of purification, where circumcision is carried out on both boys and girls. This leads to the “transformation” from boys to men; the girls remain girls but the circumcision makes them “marriageable...it is a neceassary condition of being a woman”.…
Development stages of a human life can be broken up into three categories: physical, emotional and cognitive. The environment that each person experiences these changes in creates a unique individual. The first stage of life, that covers birth to approximately 12 years of age, is referred to as childhood. Adolescence, the second stage of life, is experienced during the ages of 13 to early 20’s. The way each person experiences these two stages of life vary with the environment and the implications societal norms set within these environments.…
* Sexual Development – onset of puberty is the biological stage that leads to the ability to reproduce…
In “Anybody’s Son Will Do” by Dyer we encounter a different chaos and a different method of routinization. The 18-year-old boys that enroll in the U.S. Marine Corps all come from different backgrounds, different beliefs, and enlist for different reasons. When they first arrive it is a frenzy of testosterone, but the drill instructors know exactly how to tame and conform the recruits before they even have a moment to themselves. They use the strategy of stripping down the recruits inside and out in order to rebuild…
Secondly in childhood, after infancy there is what seems to some real sex play. About half of all adults report that they did engage in some form of sex play as children (Psychosexual Development, pg. 61). Childhood role-playing interprets adult meaning and attributed to the behavior that is ill-formed. Some adults can recall that, at the time, they were concerned with being found out. Values (or feelings, or images) are of great importance that children pick up as being related to sex. The learning of sex roles, or sex identities, involves various things that are remote from actual sexual experience, or become involved with sexuality after puberty. Masculinity and femininity, their meaning and postures, are rehearsed before adolescence in many nonsexual ways (Psychosexual Development, pg. 62). The crucial period of childhood has significance not because of…
Stage two is called ‘Gender Stability’. This stage is the stage in which a child realises that their sex stays the same over time and occurs over three to four years of age. A child who has reached the gender stability will recognise that their gender is fixed and that they have always been and will continue to be the same gender, in contrast to a child who has not reached this stage who will know their past and present gender but do not know that they will be the same gender when they are older. An example of this would be a boy thinking he ‘will be a mummy’ when he grows up. Although a child now understands his/her gender they are still limited in the way they think about gender. At this stage the child understands that gender stays the same across time however they do not understand that gender stays the same across situations. For example a boy playing with dolls may cause a child to think that he has…
This stage takes place between 18 months to the age of three. During this stage the infant focus on retaining and eliminating feces. The child has to learn to control anal stimulation. In terms of personality, after effects of an anal fixation during this stage can result in an obsession with cleanliness, perfection, and control. The next stage is the Phallic Stage that happens between the ages of three and six. The pleasure zone switches to the genitals. Freud believed that during this stage boy develop unconscious sexual desires for their mother. Because of this, he becomes rivals with his father and sees him as competition for the mother’s affection. During this time, boys also develop a fear that their father will punish them for these feelings, such as by castrating them. This group of feelings is known as Oedipus Complex ( after the Greek Mythology figure who accidentally killed his father and married his mother).Later it was added that girls go through a similar situation, developing unconscious sexual attraction to their father. Although Freud Strongly disagreed with this, it has been termed the Electra Complex by more recent psychoanalysts. According to Freud, out of fear of castration and due to the strong competition of his father, boys eventually decide to identify with him rather than fight him. By identifying with his father, the boy develops masculine characteristics and identifies himself as a male, and represses his sexual…
Coming of Age is a confirmation of faith and a testimonial of a young person who has chosen to follow the path of the pagan. A young adult is only allowed to claim the title of witch in an "Initiation Ceremony".…
“A nation’s culture resides in the hearts and in the soul of its people.” (Gandhi, M. (n.d.)). People in our world come from all different cultures that we may not always be familiar with. Our experiences and perceptions represent the values and decisions that are made in our life. It is important to get to know the different types of cultures that surround us and how others live their lives. The article, Body Ritual among the Nacirema, relates to many core aspects of sociology, including culture, cultural relativism, ethnocentrism, and conflict theory…
“Human beings are either male or female, and children learn at an early age to identify themselves as one or the other. At the same time, they also learn to behave in a way that is considered typical of males or females. In short, they learn to adopt a masculine or feminine gender role. When a child is born, the parents, relatives, friends and neighbours first try to find out whether it is a boy or a girl. One look at the baby’s external sex organs normally supplies the answer, and this answer has immediate social consequences” (Haeberle, Erwin J. 1983).…