Ans: The concept of employee participation and involvement has seen a growing interest from different scholars and Human resource management. Many organizations face the challenges of managing and empowering their employees to actively participate in decision making. In this current tumultuous economic environment, organizations especially IT industry require creative and innovative employees who can take initiative, embrace change, stimulate innovation and cope with high uncertainty in the market. Most of the new generation employees want to work in companies that can actively listen and embrace their ideas. To accommodate the demand of the employees, most companies have relinquished their centralized control management with the hope of promoting flexibility and decisiveness as well as subsequent improvement in individual and organizational performance. The concept of employee participation has taken many forms, evolving through the employee participation and involvement decision making concepts into the contemporary empowerment perspective. The idea of empowerment involves the employees being provided with a significant degree of freedom and flexibility to make decisions relating to work without direct involvement of the top management. Employee’s involvement and participation contribute immensely to how organizations make decision and run their businesses. The employee’s participation and involvement affects both the employees and organization positively and negatively.
According to Keith Davis, participation refers to the mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to group goals and share the responsibility of achievement.
The concept of workers’ participation encompasses the following: ➢ It provides scope for employees in decision-making of the organization. ➢ The participation may be at