Which Kinds of Reward System Are Effective Methods for Chinese Education Industry to Retain Excellent Teachers?

“Which kinds of reward system are effective methods for Chinese education industry to retain excellent teachers?”

“4794702”

“02/09/2011”

Dissertation submitted in part-fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of [Master of “International Human Resource Management”] at the University of East Anglia

 This copy of the dissertation has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with the author and that no quotation from the dissertation, nor any information derived therefrom, may be published without the author 's prior, written consent.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

* I would like to express my truly thankfulness and appreciation to my supervisor, Dr Tzouramani Eleni for her unstinting guidance and motivational advice. Without her care and patience, it is impossible to achieve this study by myself.

* Additionally, the best wish goes to my dear friends, who provide every possible support for my research. Without their contribution, I would have not been able to realize this study.

* Further, thank all participants in my research. Their contribution is the primary and profound foundation to the success of my research.

ABSREACT
In recent years, the reform in Chinese education industry is profound which not only impacts the situation of students, but also has a great influence on teachers’ performance. The loss of excellent teachers tends to be an essential issue for current education organizations in China. In addition, the changes in current Chinese society cause a remarkable generation gap, which also decrease the effectiveness of reward system. Hence, this research is target to identify and analyse the attitudes of teachers in different Chinese generation and based on the findings to create a new model of reward system for retain excellent teachers in China. This research utilized the theories of reward system, generation effect and motivation as the main tools to

References: Adams, J. S. (1963) Toward an Understanding of Inequity, Journal of Abnormal and Social psychology, 64(4), p. 422-36. Alon, I. (2003) Chinese Culture, Organizational Behavior, and International Business Management, the United States of America, Praeger. Armstrong, M. (2004) Employee Reward, 3rd Edition, Great Britain, CIPD. Asia Law and Practice Ltd (1995) ‘China Staff’, Exotic Benefits, May-June: 2-3. Austen, J. quoted in ‘Nuff said’ (2006) South China Morning Post – Review, 16 April, p. 3. Bai, X. and Bennington, L. (2005) Performance Appraisal in the Chinese State-owned Coal Industry, International Journal of Business Performance Management, 7(3), p. 275-85. Becker, B. E. and Yang. G. (1989) ‘the Chinese Urban Labour System: Prospects for Reform’, Journal of Labour Research, 10(4), p. 411-28. Bell, J. (2005) Doing Your Research Project, 4th Edition, Buckingham, Open University Press. Berger, L. A. and Berger, D. R. (2008) The Compensation Handbook: A State-Of-The-Art Guide to Compensation Strategy and Design, the United States of America ,McGraw-Hill. Blaikie, N. (2009) Designing Social Research, 2nd Edition, UK, Polity Press. Bliney, E Blumberg, B., Cooper, D. R. and Schindler, P. S. (2005) Business Research Methods, Maidenhead, McGraw-Hill. Brown, D Cao, Y. (2008) Private Higher Education and the labor market in China: Institutional management efforts & initial employment outcomes, USA, State University of New York. Carvalho, S Chow, I. H. (1992) ‘Chinese Workers’ Attitudes towards Compensation Practices in the People’s Republic of China’, Employee Relations, 14(3), p. 41-55. Cooke, F. L. (2005) HRM, Work and Employment in China, Trowbridge, Routledge. Deal, J. J. (2007) Retiring the Generation Gap: How Employees Young and Old can Find Common Ground, the Untied States of America, John Wiley & Sons. Denisi, A. S. and Griffin, R. W. (2008) Human Resource Management, 3rd Edition, the United States of America, Houghton Mifflin Company. Diener, E. and Crandall, R. (1978) Ethics in Social and Behavioural Research, the United States of America, University of Chicago Press. Douw, L., Huang, C Dubrin, A. J. (2009) Essentials of Management, the United States of America, South-Western. English-Lueck, J. A. (1997) Chinese Intellectuals on the World Frontier: Blazing the Black Path, the United States of America, Greenwood. Fernandez, J Franklin, J. (1988) For Technical Professionals: Pay for Skills and Pay for Performance, Personnel, 65 (5), p.20. Fukasaku, K., Wall, D. and Wu, M. (1994) China’s Long March to Open Economy, OECD. Fukuda, k. J. (1998) Japan and China: the Meeting of Asia’s Economic Giants, the United States of America, Haworth Press. Ghauri, P Healey, M. J. and Rawlinson, M. B. (1993) ‘Interviewing business owners and managers: a review of methods and techniques’, Geoforum 24: 3, 339-55. Henry, G. T. (1990) Practical Sampling, Newbury Park, CA, Sage. Herzberg, F., Mausner, B Hollyforde, S. and Whiddett, S. (2002) The Motivation Handbook, Great Britain, CIPD. Huczynski, A Ivancevich, J. M. (2001) Human Resource Management, 8th Edition, Chicago, Irwin. Ivancevich, J. M. and Matteson, M. T. (1999) Motivation, Organizational behaviour and Management, 5th Edition, Singapore, Irwin/McGraw-Hill. Jackson, S Kahn, R. and Cannel, C. (1957) the Dynamics of Interviewing, New York and Chichester, Wiley. Kessler, I. (2004) Reward System Choice, in Storey, J. (Eds) Human Resource Management: A Critical Text, Cornwall, Thomson. Klenke, K. (2008) Qualitative Research in the Study of Leadership, Great Britain, Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Kirby, S Langley, A. (2008) Employee Reward Structures, 3rd Edition, Great Britain, Spiramus Press. Lansbury, R. D., Wailes, N., Kitay, Jim. and Kirsch, A. (2008) Globalization and Employment Relations in the Auto Assembly Industry: a Study of Seven Countries, Netherland, Klawer Law International BV. Mathis, R Maslow, A. H. (1987) Motivation and Personality, 3rd Edition, the United Stated of America, Harper & Row Publishers. Mckenna, E Mitchell, D. E., Ortiz, F. I. and Mitchell, T. K. (1987) Work Orientation and Job Performance: the Cultural Basis of Teaching Rewards and Incentives, the United States of America, State University of New York Press. Morgan, S Morgan, W. J. and Wu, B. (2011) Higher Education Reform in China: Beyond the Expansion, United Kingdom, Routledge. Morris, T Mosley, D. C., Pietri, P. H. and Mosley, J. (2008) Supervisory Management: the Art of Inspiring, Empowering and Developing People, the United States of America, south-western. Nelson, D. L. and Quick, J. C. (2008) Understanding Organizational Behavior, 3rd Edition, Canada, Thomson and South-Western. Nevis, E Nolan, P. (2004) China at the Crossroads, Great Britain, Polity Press. Nury, V O’ Neill, G. L. (1995) Framework for Developing a Total Reward Strategy, Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 35 (2), p. 103-17. Oppenheim, A. N. (2000) Questionnaire Design, Interviewing and Attitude Measurement, new Edition, London, Continuum International. Peterson, R Pepper, S. (2000) Radicalism and Education Reform in Twentieth-Century China: the Search of an Ideal Development Model, the United States of America, Cambridge University Press. Powney, J. and Watts, M. (1987) Interviewing in Educational Research, London, Routledge and Kegan Paul. Page Limited. Rubin, A. and Babbie, E. R. (2010) Essential Research Methods for Social Work, 2nd Edition, the United States of America, Brooks/Cole. Redman, T Robson, C. (2002) Real World Research, 2nd Edition, Oxford, Blackwell. Rosenbloom, J. S. (2001) The Handbook of Employee Benefits: Design, Funding, and Administration, the United States of America, McGraw-Hill. Rowe, K. A. (2010) Managing Across Generation, INFOLINE, 27(1003), p. 1-15. Saunders, M., Lewis, P Selmer, J. (1998) International Management in China: Cross-cultural Issues, Great Britain, Routledge. Simons, J. A., Irwin, D. B. and Drinnien, B. A. (1987) Psychology-the Search for Understanding, New York, West publishing Company. Singer, P M Sision, P. (1991), Human Resources Management, Quezon City, Personnel Management Association of the Philippines. Stanat, M Stehr, N. and Meja, V. (2009) Society and knowledge: contemporary perspectives in the sociology of knowledge and science, 2nd Edition, the United States of America, Transaction Publishers. Stone, R Tashakkori, A. and Teddlie, C. (1998) Mixed Methodology: Combining Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches, Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage. Taylor, T., Doherty, A Thorpe, R. and Homan, G. (2000) Strategic Reward Systems, Essex, Pearson Education Limited. Tosi, H. L., Mero, N. P. and Rizzo, J. R. (2000) Managing Organizational Behavior, 4th Edition, Cornwall, Blackwell Publishers. Walsh, M Warner, M. (1999) China’s Managerial Revolution, Chippenham, Frank Cass Publishers. Wentzel, K Zhou, J. (1995) Remaking China’s Public Philosophy for the Twenty – First Century, the United Stated of America, Greenwood Publishing Group. Zikmund, W