APUSH
1. The Changing American Population
1. The American Population, 1820-1840
• The population increased rapidly
• Much of it was moving from the countryside into the industrializing cities of the NE and NW
• Much of it was migrating westward
• Pop growth was due to improvements in public health and high birth rates
• Immigration, choked off by wars in Europe and economic crises in America, contributed little to the American population in the first 3 decades of the 19th cent but revived beginning in the 1830s
• Reduced transportation costs and increasing economic opportunities helped stimulate the immigration boom, as did deteriorating economic conditions in some areas of Europe
• By 1810 New York City was the largest city in the USA which was a result of the Erie Canal (completed in 1825)
2. Immigration and Urban Growth, 1840-1860
• New York pop = 805,000
• Philly= 565,000
• Boston= 177,000
• By 1860, 26% of the population of the free states was living in towns or cities
• St. Louis, Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, and Louisville benefited from strategic positions on the Mississippi River or one of its major tributaries
• After 1830, major new urban centers were made : Buffalo, Detroit, Milwaukee, Cleveland, and Chicago
• The enlarged urban population was in part a reflection of the growth of the national population as a whole and a result of the increasing flow of people into cities from the farms of the NE
• In 1850s over 2 million immigrants came to America
• The immigrants came from England, France, Italy, Scandinavia, Poland and Holland. The majority came from Ireland and Germany
• In Germany, the economic dislocations of the industrial revolution had caused widespread poverty, and the collapse of the liberal revolution there in 1848 also persuaded many to emigrate
• In Ireland, the oppressiveness and unpopularity of English rule drove many people out and also the potato famine of 1845-1849
• Irish settled in eastern cities to swell the
1. The American Population, 1820-1840
• The population increased rapidly
• Much of it was moving from the countryside into the industrializing cities of the NE and NW
• Much of it was migrating westward
• Pop growth was due to improvements in public health and high birth rates
• Immigration, choked off by wars in Europe and economic crises in America, contributed little to the American population in the first 3 decades of the 19th cent but revived beginning in the 1830s
• Reduced transportation costs and increasing economic opportunities helped stimulate the immigration boom, as did deteriorating economic conditions in some areas of Europe
• By 1810 New York City was the largest city in the USA which was a result of the Erie Canal (completed in 1825)
2. Immigration and Urban Growth, 1840-1860
• New York pop = 805,000
• Philly= 565,000
• Boston= 177,000
• By 1860, 26% of the population of the free states was living in towns or cities
• St. Louis, Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, and Louisville benefited from strategic positions on the Mississippi River or one of its major tributaries
• After 1830, major new urban centers were made : Buffalo, Detroit, Milwaukee, Cleveland, and Chicago
• The enlarged urban population was in part a reflection of the growth of the national population as a whole and a result of the increasing flow of people into cities from the farms of the NE
• In 1850s over 2 million immigrants came to America
• The immigrants came from England, France, Italy, Scandinavia, Poland and Holland. The majority came from Ireland and Germany
• In Germany, the economic dislocations of the industrial revolution had caused widespread poverty, and the collapse of the liberal revolution there in 1848 also persuaded many to emigrate
• In Ireland, the oppressiveness and unpopularity of English rule drove many people out and also the potato famine of 1845-1849
• Irish settled in eastern cities to swell the