Cell biology
Important Questions of this chapter:
**Definition
Cell cycle
2. Homologous Chromosome
3. Sister Chromatid
4. Synapsis
**Short Questions
1.Describe the chief events of mitosis and show how these differ from meiosis. (V.V.I.)
2. What ‘checkpoints’ occur in cell cycle? What is the role of each?
**Long Questions
1.Describe the phases of the cell cycle and the events that characterize each phase.
Answer of short Definition is given below
1. Cell Cycle:
The cell cycle is an orderly sequence of events that occurs from the time when a cell is first formed until it divides into two new cells. Or the period from the end of the first mitosis division of a cell to the end of the second mitosis division.
2.Homologous chromosomes:
Homologous chromosomes line up and then separate. In Meiosis 1, chromosomes in a diploid cell resegregate, producing four haploid daughter cells. It is this step in Meiosis that generates genetic diversity.
3.Sister Chromatid: Sister chromatids are generated when a single chromosome is replicated into two copies of itself, these copies being called sister chromatids. Compare sister chromatids to homologous chromosomes, which are the two different copies of a chromosome that diploid organisms (like humans) inherit, one from each parent. (collected from internet.see more from book & slide :P)
4. Synapsis: (also called syndesis) is the pairing of two homologous chromosomes that occurs during meiosis. This is not to be confused with mitosis. Mitosis also has prophase, but does not ordinarily do pairing of two homologous chromosomes. (collected from internet.see more from book & slide :P)
Answer of short Question
Mitosis
Meiosis
Cell type
Somatic cell
Germ cell
DNA replication
One
One
Cell division
One
Two
Daughter cell
Two
Four
Chromosome number in daughter cell
Same
Half
Biological significance
Ensure the consistency of the DNA
Ensure the consistency of
**Definition
Cell cycle
2. Homologous Chromosome
3. Sister Chromatid
4. Synapsis
**Short Questions
1.Describe the chief events of mitosis and show how these differ from meiosis. (V.V.I.)
2. What ‘checkpoints’ occur in cell cycle? What is the role of each?
**Long Questions
1.Describe the phases of the cell cycle and the events that characterize each phase.
Answer of short Definition is given below
1. Cell Cycle:
The cell cycle is an orderly sequence of events that occurs from the time when a cell is first formed until it divides into two new cells. Or the period from the end of the first mitosis division of a cell to the end of the second mitosis division.
2.Homologous chromosomes:
Homologous chromosomes line up and then separate. In Meiosis 1, chromosomes in a diploid cell resegregate, producing four haploid daughter cells. It is this step in Meiosis that generates genetic diversity.
3.Sister Chromatid: Sister chromatids are generated when a single chromosome is replicated into two copies of itself, these copies being called sister chromatids. Compare sister chromatids to homologous chromosomes, which are the two different copies of a chromosome that diploid organisms (like humans) inherit, one from each parent. (collected from internet.see more from book & slide :P)
4. Synapsis: (also called syndesis) is the pairing of two homologous chromosomes that occurs during meiosis. This is not to be confused with mitosis. Mitosis also has prophase, but does not ordinarily do pairing of two homologous chromosomes. (collected from internet.see more from book & slide :P)
Answer of short Question
Mitosis
Meiosis
Cell type
Somatic cell
Germ cell
DNA replication
One
One
Cell division
One
Two
Daughter cell
Two
Four
Chromosome number in daughter cell
Same
Half
Biological significance
Ensure the consistency of the DNA
Ensure the consistency of