The study was unable to find an effect of the screening program on breast cancer mortality. In women 55-74 years old, a mortality decline of 1% per year in the screening areas was found (RR 0.99). There was a similar decline of 2% in mortality per year in the non-screening group (RR…
The market we are trying to impact is those individuals who are need of mammogram examinations but feel embarrassed, shy or even skeptical of the procedure. For those who have had the examination before know how the…
The radiology department is in need of a MRI machine to better provide safer and reliable results for detecting breast cancer. I have done extensive research on the several different types of technological devices and…
The x-ray process developed by Dr. Logan, helped doctors to be able to accurately detected the differences in the density of tissue and discover tumors earlier (“Myra Adele Logan” 5). Because of this, oncologist of the time, were able to detect breast cancer earlier and treat it better. In today’s world, we still use her research to detect breast cancer and other types of cancer. She also did extensive research…
This article talks about how density in the breast leads to malignant tumors. It was very eye opening to know that up to 50% of women that have mammograms will have high breast density. The higher density in the breast, the harder it is for a mammogram to find a small tumor. In 2009 in the…
The article is primary for women of at least 40 years old. It summarize a possible new guideline for mammograms verses the old guideline. Mammograms guidelines for women were to start at age 40 and annually checkups but new studies suggest that may be too frequently. Frequent mammograms can cause extreme anxiety to women and increase unnecessary treatment. The benefits of an mammogram annually starting at age 40 for women might do more harm instead. The article recommends women that are healthy to start mammogram checkups at age 50 instead and a checkup every other year instead. This reduces the harms for them as well as easing health insurance coverage. The article was made easy to read to project its message to a wider population to…
Supporting details: A mammogram can be an early detection in treating women with breast cancer.…
The women treated in this population have already been screened and ether diagnosed with breast cancer or has been found to have suspicious imaging. This puts them in a high risk population.…
Mast cell tumors are the most common skin tumor found in dogs (The National Canine Cancer Foundation). According to the ASPCA Complete Guide to dogs mast cell tumors are, “solitary masses on the surface of the skin and in the tissue immediately under the skin” (Gerstenfeld and Schultz, p. 431). Essentially if a dog has a mast cell tumor, then that dog has cancer. There are three types grades for these tumors. The first grade is when it occurs in the skin, is non-malignant and do not spread. The second grade is when it is below the skin, is malignancy, and treatment is unpredictable. Finally, the third grade is when it is deep below the skin, requires extensive treatment, and is very aggressive (The National Canine Cancer Foundation). This disease has been going on for many years. In fact, according to Dennis W. Macy’s journal Canine Mast Cell Tumors the first mast was described in 1905 by Bashford and his colleagues (p. 783). It is said that the mast cell tumor is the second most common tumor in dogs (Macy, p. 783). Also according to…
The Icelandic screening program was started in November 1987 till 2010. The program purpose was to evaluate the efficacy of the screening program. The cost effective mammography was provided with cervical cancer screening all women aged 40-69 was invited, 33,985 women in 1988 and 54,714 in 2010 under gone screening program with the two year intervals. All mammograms are read at the Cancer Detection Clinic (CDC), women with abnormal screening findings are recalled for further workup, like ultrasound examination, and needle biopsies…
I decided to call MGH in Revere, MA and ask them about a mammogram procedure.…
Mammogram: Screening test. A machine which takes an x-ray of the breast that shows any tumors or lumps on the breast. Two types of mammogram include screening and diagnosis mammogram.…
There has been a significant decline in mortality from breast cancer since the 1970s, this decline is linked with the fact that there is more availability of screening methods, mainly mammography, and there is a drastic improvement in the way advanced cancer is treated (Smith et al., 2008). Dr. David Eddy, an early pioneer in evidence-based medicine conducted a study for the American Cancer Society (ACS) to develop recommendations for screening for cancer which was later reviewed by him and published by ACS in 1980 (Smith et al., 2008). The beginning of that methodology influenced how the future guidelines were updated (Smith et al., 2008). It was in 1997 that the ACS guidelines methodology underwent a review and update to officiate a process that incorporated the core stages of guideline development, implementation, and…
Mammography is the study that involves identifying structures within the breast to classify them as benign or malignant. A mammogram is an image obtained by using x-rays to probe the breast. Mammography has been successful in improving detection of cancer, particularly non-palpable breast masses and calcifications that may be malignant. Institute of Medicine Report on Mammography (Committee on the Early Detection of Breast Cancer 2001) suggests that the reduction in mortality from breast cancer observed in recent years may be due to earlier detection through mammography screening [9]. During a screening for breast cancer radiologists, or readers, inspect mammogram for areas that may indicate further investigation through biopsy, a surgical procedure from which the diagnosis and subsequent prognosis is obtained. Mammography continues to be the standard screening tool for breast cancer detection resulting in at least a 30% reduction in breast cancer deaths [10]; however, not all breast cancer can be detected by mammograms such as micro calcification, masses, architectural distortion, asymmetry between breasts, breast edema and lymphadenopathy, the interpretations of their presence are very difficult because of its morphological features [11]and the sensitivity of…
It is my belief that self breast examination is important mostly in the life of women. It is the breast examination that make us to know if there is any different as in symmetry,retractions, dimpling, deviation,inverted, nipple of the breast. It is also done to know if lump is palpated on the breast which require further investigation to rule out carcinoma of the breast. It should be performed once a month, 3 days following menses or any given fixed data and to avoid the time when breast might be tender due to menstruation or ovulation.…