Surface Area To volume ratio/ Metabolism/ Nutrients
Background information:
1) What is diffusion?
Movement of a particular type of molecule from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
2) How is diffusion used by living cells?
Living cells bring in food, water and oxygen, and excrete wastes through the process of diffusion
3) List two body systems in vertebrates that are dependent on diffusion
Digestive system and respirational system
4) What is meant by the term metabolism the chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life.
5) Why cant a single cell grow very large?
If it grows too large it will not be able to take sufficient food and oxygen or eliminate waste molecules fast enough.
6) Why must large organisms be multicellular?
To overcome the problem of small cell size. Metabolism is the total of all the chemical processes that take place in the body. These chemical processes convert the food you eat into the energy and materials needed for all life processes.
Inputs and Outputs
Anabolism and Catabolism
• Metabolic processes can be regarded as either anabolic or catabolic.
Catabolism
• Catabolic reactions are destructive metabolic processes during which complex substances are broken down into simpler ones.
• Catabolic processes release energy.
• Cellular respiration is a good example of a catabolic process. Below is a summary of the cellular respiration process.
glucose + oxygen —> water + carbon dioxide
C6H12O6 + 6O2 —> 6H2O + 6CO2
Anabolism
· Anabolic reactions construct complex substances from simpler ones.
· Anabolic processes use energy.
· Protein synthesis is an example of an anabolic process.
Protein Synthesis
· Proteins are long chains of amino acids.
· There are 20 common amino acids.
· Instruction for the assembly of proteins (the number and sequence of the amino acids) is carried by DNA in the cell nucleus.
· Ribosomes are protein construction sites.
· Most ribosomes line the endoplasmic
1) What is diffusion?
Movement of a particular type of molecule from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
2) How is diffusion used by living cells?
Living cells bring in food, water and oxygen, and excrete wastes through the process of diffusion
3) List two body systems in vertebrates that are dependent on diffusion
Digestive system and respirational system
4) What is meant by the term metabolism the chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life.
5) Why cant a single cell grow very large?
If it grows too large it will not be able to take sufficient food and oxygen or eliminate waste molecules fast enough.
6) Why must large organisms be multicellular?
To overcome the problem of small cell size. Metabolism is the total of all the chemical processes that take place in the body. These chemical processes convert the food you eat into the energy and materials needed for all life processes.
Inputs and Outputs
Anabolism and Catabolism
• Metabolic processes can be regarded as either anabolic or catabolic.
Catabolism
• Catabolic reactions are destructive metabolic processes during which complex substances are broken down into simpler ones.
• Catabolic processes release energy.
• Cellular respiration is a good example of a catabolic process. Below is a summary of the cellular respiration process.
glucose + oxygen —> water + carbon dioxide
C6H12O6 + 6O2 —> 6H2O + 6CO2
Anabolism
· Anabolic reactions construct complex substances from simpler ones.
· Anabolic processes use energy.
· Protein synthesis is an example of an anabolic process.
Protein Synthesis
· Proteins are long chains of amino acids.
· There are 20 common amino acids.
· Instruction for the assembly of proteins (the number and sequence of the amino acids) is carried by DNA in the cell nucleus.
· Ribosomes are protein construction sites.
· Most ribosomes line the endoplasmic