the tannins from the coffee. Afterwards an extraction is used to separate the organic layer (bottom) from the aqueous layer (upper). By using a rotary evaporator‚ it evaporates the organic solvent and forms the crude caffeine. Afterwards we used acetone-petroleum ether for recrystallization and the vacuum apparatus for filtration to obtain pure caffeine. At the end the melting point of the pure caffeine was obtained. (Reference: Organic Chemistry Laboratory Manual) Experiment Scheme: We
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ISOLATION OF TRIMYRISTIN FROM NUTMEG ABSTRACT The purpose if the experiment was to extract the Trimyristan from ground nutmeg using extraction‚ distillation and recrystallization procedures. This experiment involves extraction and separation techniques that yield a purified product. The product was extracted and a distillation process was used to remove any remaining solvent. The recrystallization of the sample in turn produced a pure sample‚ which was proven using the known melting
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Lab #3 Separating Metal Cations by Paper Chromatography Introduction/Purpose: In chemistry‚ it is important to effectively analyze the components in a given mixture. In order to do so‚ chemists will analyze a mixture either qualitatively or quantitatively using different methods and equipment. Qualitative analyses are subjective‚ and only gather “non-numerical” data such as the color‚ appearance‚ and smell of the components. This data
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During the lab experiment six different test were conducted. Each test consists of chemicals to be tested using 3 to 10 drops of the additive in order to observe a change. With any experiment you compose a hypothesis; where you make an educated guess. The hypothesis will primarily be‚ which base chemical will produce the greatest change based on the additive. Experiment 6.1 (Starch) when adding the three drops of Iodine to each tube observe the color change. When performing this test the chemical
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different conditions on membrane permeability. 4.2 Learning Objectives In this Lab Session‚ students will acquire the skills to: - analyze the effect of different temperatures on membrane integrity. - analyze the effect of the organic solvent acetone on membrane integrity. 4.3 Introduction Even though membranes separate cells from their surrounding environment and different organelles within the cells from the cytoplasm‚ there is a constant flow of selected molecules through them allowing
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NOTES AND COMMENT 343 DETERMINATION OF CHLOROPHYLL AND PHEO-PIGMENTS : SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC EQUATIONS~ It has been shown that chlorophyll degradation products may at times constitute a significant fraction of the total green pigments present in seawater (Yentsch and Menzel 1963; Lorenzen 1965; Yentsch 1965). These degraded forms‚ or inactive chlorophyll‚ absorb light in the red part of the spectrum; if they are present in concentrations significant relative to chlorophyll a‚ a serious error
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Title : The Beer-Lambert Law and Its Limitation Objective : 1. To determine the linear relationship between absorbance and concentration of an absorbing species. 2. To study the effects of molecular dissociation complex formation on the applicability of the Beer-Lambert Law. 3. To investigate the derivation and limitation of Beer-Lambert Law. Introduction: In optics‚ the Beer–Lambert law‚ also known as Beer ’s law‚ the Lambert–Beer law‚ or the Beer–Lambert–Bouguer law relates the absorption
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maximum water content of 1.5%. • High purity grade offers a minimum assay of 99.5%‚ a maximum methanol content of 0.10%‚ and a maximum water content of 0.05%. In many applications‚ Eastman methyl acetate can be an effective replacement for acetone and other fast-evaporating solvents. Strength—assay Methanol Water Acidity as acetic acid Color‚ PCS Some common cleaning applications include: • Universal cleaner • Low-VOC and environmental cleaners • Aerosol carburetor cleaners
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It is necessary to recrystallize it in order to obtain pure Zn(C5H7O2)2.H2O. To do this‚ prepare a solution of acetone and distilled water that contains 35 mL of acetone plus 15 mL of water and add 1 mL of acetylacetone to it. The acetylacetone serves to prevent decomposition of the product. Finally‚ add the precipitate to the solution and stir thoroughly. What is the appearance of the
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Experiment 1: Simple Distillation and Boiling Points- Separation of Liquids February 24‚ 2014 Analysis In this experiment‚ the distillation of three groups of two miscible liquids was performed. First‚ Ethanol and 2-Propanol were distilled. The boiling points of ethanol and 2-propanol had a difference of 5°C. The percent recovery for both ethanol and 2-propanol were both 0%. The percent recovery of the intermediate was 96%. The percent efficiency calculated of ethanol and 2-propanol was 0% efficient
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