molecular formula of alkynes is CnH2n–2 • Triple bonded carbons are ‘sp’ hybridized and greater s – character is associated with it. • Alkynes will exhibit chain‚ position and functional isomerism. • Their functional isomers are alkadienes and cyclo alkenes. • The minimum number of carbons required to exhibit chain isomerism by an alkyne is five. Preparation of Acetylene or ethyne : 1. Industrial method : By the hydrolysis of calcium carbide CaC2 + 2H2O → HC ≡ CH + Ca(OH)2 C C H − OH H − OH C −H C
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Lab 5 n-Butyl Bromide Preparation Introduction: The purpose of this lab is to properly extract and distill n-butyl bromide It is ideal to perform this technique with accuracy‚ which can be measured by the percent yield. Chemicals: n-Butyl Bromide- clear‚ yellow liquid that is slightly soluble in water. Molar weight of 137.02g and has zero reactivity. Sodium Bromide- white‚ crystals‚ granules. Soluble in water with no reactivity. Molar weight of 102.89g. Sulfuric Acid- colorless liquid
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Aldehyde and Ketone 1. ALDEHYDE Definition: An aldehyde is an organic compound containing a formyl group. This functional group‚ with the structure R-CHO‚ consists of a carbonyl center (a carbon double bonded to oxygen) bonded to hydrogen and an R group‚ which is any generic alkyl or side chain. The group without R is called the aldehyde group or formyl group. Aldehydes differ from ketones in that the carbonyl is placed at the end of a carbon skeleton rather than between two carbon atoms
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-1Determination of an Unknown Liquid (2-butanol) Through Fundamental Analysis Lee Billips Department of Chemistry‚ Shippensburg University‚ 1871 Old Main Drive. Shippensburg‚ PA‚ 17257. Abstract: The identification and characterization of unknowns are an important part of organic chemistry. It is fundamental to know experimental methods to deductively identify compounds (1) . The determination of unknown #6 (2-butanol) was identified by a series of test; first taking the boiling point (94-96
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six-membered ring structures. The process of a DielsAlder reaction involves a substituted alkene reacting with a conjugated diene in the cis conformation to create two new carbon-carbon σ bonds which results in the formation of a six-membered ring‚ as shown below: Figure 1: Example Diels-Alder reaction + 1‚3-butadiene ethene cyclohexene In the case of the reaction outlined in this report‚ the substituted alkene is maleic anhydride‚ and the conjugated diene is cyclopentadiene. The two undergo
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INTRODUCTION Human resources is the most important asset for any organisation . In competitive business world main part of activities is carried out by the employees in the organisation. A healthy workforce ensures increased efficiency and productivity for organisation. Maintaining quality of work life for its employees is an important concern for the any organisation. The grievance handling procedure of the organisation can affect the harmonious environment of the organisation. The grievances
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Chirality of Ethyl-3-hydroxybutanoate Generated from a Biological Pathway Jake Zimny LaSalle University Philadelphia‚ PA 19141 Submitted February 10‚ 2006 Abstract: The reaction being studied is a reduction of a ketone into an alcohol with a chiral center. Because a biological agent‚ bakers ’ yeast‚ is being used to drive this reaction‚ the optical purity that results in the product is so stereo-selective that the major product‚ (+)‚ is formed for 89% of the product. Introduction: This
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Allen Jacob 5/21/14 601 Chemistry Pd.6 Water is one of the most important and beautiful resources that were given to us by mother nature. We see water as not only a source for survival‚ but for entertainment and many more advantages as well. In summer there is nothing better than a glass of clean and refreshing water‚ and not to mention the fun that we have when running around the sprinklers and feeling the coolness of the water. However‚ do you ever
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cyclo-alcohol to become a cyclo-ene. In this case 4-methylcyclohexanol was protonated using phosphoric acid to become 4-methylcyclohexene. This demonstrates the loss of an alcohol group by protonation‚ the loss of a proton from the cyclohexane to form an alkene through elimination. This also demonstrates Le Chatelier’s principle‚ by using distillation to remove the product as it is formed the equilibrium of the reaction will constantly be in favor of the product. Reaction: Side Reaction: Due to a
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Final Organic Study Guide: Be able to develop an Experiment Beginning to End * Find a good reaction * Good reaction is defined by high yield‚ green chemistry (less waste‚ less harmful chemicals) * Reaction found on Reaxys * Find MSDS Sheet for all Compounds (Reactants‚ Products and Side Products) * It is important to know what you are working with * The toxicity category numbers are there to gauge how toxic the chemical is‚ 4 being most severe and 1 being least
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