1 CHAPTER 1 PROJECT BACKGROUND 1.0 PROJECT BACKGROUND The main objective is to design an economic Acrylonitrile chemical plant with safer ways of processes for a minimum production rate of 100‚ 000 metric tonnes/year. 1.1 INTRODUCTION Recently‚ production of acrylonitrile has been increasing every year in many countries. The rapid growth of the industry is mainly attributed to the availability of oil and gas as feedstock‚ a well-developed infrastructure‚ and a strong base
Premium Distillation Oxygen Ammonia
Stereochemistry of Dihydroxylation Reactions Question: Can the stereochemical outcome of dihydroxylation reactions be determined by thin layer chromatography? Overview: In this experiment‚ you will perform two reactions that transform alkenes into diols. While similar in functional group transformation‚ these reactions may lead to stereochemically different products. The two possible products are diastereomers of one another‚ and therefore have different physical chracteristics. After
Premium Thin layer chromatography Solvent Oxidizing agent
bromine has preference of making or breaking a bond over all other directions that it may have had available. In this case‚ Markovnikov’s rule is revealed to be the case in this situation that states that adding a protic acid represented as HX to an alkene (sp2 hybridized)‚ the hydrogen from that HX would be attracted to a carbon with the least alkyl groups and the halide (X) would become more attracted and will attach to the carbon containing more alkyl groups. Within the intermediate stage of the
Premium Chemistry Acid Oxygen
But before going deeper on what these tests are‚ what first are the difference between their results which are the primary‚ secondary and the tertiary alcohols‚ aldehydes and ketones? Alcohols are compounds in which one or more hydrogen atoms in an alkane have been replaced by an -OH group. Note however that there are different kinds of alcohols and Alcohols are categorized into different classes depending on how the -OH group is
Premium Alcohol Aldehyde Functional group
GRADE 9 Learning Module SCIENCE (Qtr 1 to 4) Compilation by Ben: r_borres@yahoo.com 1 UNIT 1 Living Things and Their Environment DRAFT April 29‚ 2014 Photo Credit: http://www.flyingfourchette.com/2013/05/25/around-ubud/ Suggested time allotment: 8 to 10 hours 2 Unit 1 MODULE 1 Respiratory and Circulatory Systems Working with Other Organ Systems Overview Your body is a fascinating creation that can carry out incredible tasks and activities. It is like a machine that
Premium Blood Heart
explain 6. give an example of each of the following i. Neutral complex ii. Cationic Complex iii. Anionic Complex iv. Hexadentate ligand SECTION B 7. a) Giving reasons arrange the following isomeric alkanes in order of decreasing boiling points i. Pentane ii. 2‚ 2-dimethylpropane iii. 2-methylbutane a) How will you synthesize methane from acetic acid? b) A hydrocarbon C4H10 (A) on monochlorination gives a compound
Premium Hydrogen Sulfuric acid Methane
------------------------------------------------- Service quality Continuity of supply In 2004‚ water supply was available on average for 18 hours each day in the West Zone of Metro Manila and 21 hours in the East Zone. According to their respective websites‚ the utility responsible for water supply in the East Zone of Metro Manila increased 24-hour water from 26% in 1997 to 98% in 2007‚ whereas in the West Zone‚ 42% of the customers had an uninterrupted supply in 2007. In a 2004 sample of 45
Premium Water
Multistep Synthesis of Tetraphenylcyclopentadienone In this laboratory experiment a synthesis was performed through several separate steps. The purpose of the experiment was to synthesize tetraphenylcyclopentadienone from benzaldehyde and to run reactions on carbonyl containing compounds. There was a total of three steps that led up to the synthesis of the final product‚ tetraphenylcyclopentadienone. The first step of the experiment was the condensation of benzaldehyde to yield
Premium Temperature Carbon Carbonyl
A principle concern in the fracking debate lies over the content of the “fracking fluid.” This fluid is used to increase pressure in shale formations and cause fractures that increase permeability and allow greater access and capture of liquid natural gas or other hydrocarbon products that would be otherwise inaccessible or require numerous more wells be drilled (He‚ Li‚ Liu‚ Barbot‚ Vidic‚ 2014). This fluid consists of water and chemical additives such as‚ “ friction reducers to optimize flow characteristics
Premium Natural gas Petroleum Water
Write the letter in Column B that matches the item in Column A on the space provided. ( 1 pt each) A. B. ______1. Deposits of organic materials A. petroleum ______2. Complex mixture of hydrocarbons principally alkanes B. lotion ______3. A process of separating the components of mixtures using different temperatures. c. fossil fuels ______4. It consist of paraffin wax‚ beeswax mixed with coal tar-dye. d. foot powder ______5. The protein
Premium Natural gas Petroleum Methane