Chemical bond From Wikipedia‚ the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation‚ search A chemical bond is an attraction between atoms that allows the formation of chemical substances that contain two or more atoms. The bond is caused by the electrostatic force of attraction between opposite charges‚ either between electrons and nuclei‚ or as the result of a dipole attraction. The strength of chemical bonds varies considerably; there are "strong bonds" such as covalent or ionic bonds and "weak bonds"
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technology is one useful spinoff of basic research into the structure of the atom. Research‚ however‚ is expensive. Many people argue that the high cost of research outweighs its potential benefits. Provide one argument for and one argument against increasing current funding for atomic-structure research. Use specific examples from this lesson in your answer to support each position. One argument against continuing research on the atom is that the cost continues to increase at an alarming rate‚ and the
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Part 1 of 1 - 92.0/ 100.0 Points Question 1 of 25 4.0/ 4.0 Points Which one of the following is not a system? A. a leaf B. a tree C. a mountain range D. Earth Correct E. All of these are examples of systems Answer Key: E Feedback: See "The system concept" in Chapter 1. All of the above examples are described as systems. “A system may be large or small‚ simple or complex (Figure 1.6). It could be the contents of the beaker in a laboratory experiment
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Organic Chemistry Basic Ideas: Carbon chains: Straight chains and branched chains‚ Numbering of chains and branches. Carbon Rings: Cyclic Molecules‚ Aromatic Compounds Types of Organic reactions: Combustion Addition Substitution Condensation Oxidation What is organic chemistry? Carbon compounds. Methane CH4 Hexane C6 H14 Ethane C2H 6 Heptane C7 H16 Propane C3H 8 Octane C8 H18 Butane C4H10 Nonane C9H20 Pentane C 5 H12 Decane C1 0 H22 Alkanes: Saturated Hydrocarbons
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flow freely from atom to atom and molecule to molecule. An object made of conducting material will charge to be transferred across the entire surface of the object. Metals like silver‚ gold and aluminium are good insulators as it ‘conducts’ the electron current or flow of electrons fairly easily. What is an insulator? Insulators have the opposite effect on the flow of electrons; they do not let electrons flow very easily from one atom to another. Insulators are materials whose atoms have tightly bound
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Trends in Ionization Energy Period trends All the atoms in the same period have the same valence energy level and the same shielding. The increasing nuclear charge increases the attraction of valence electrons so ionization energy generally increases from left to right. The exceptions at full and ½ filled orbitals break the pattern because removing an electron from a stable (low energy) configuration will require more energy. Li has a low 1st ionization because 2 core electrons block the +3 nuclear
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and each atom must have a P orbital so that the electron cloud is not intterupted 2. It must contain an odd number of electron pairs ▪ i.e. the number of electrons must be 4n+2 where n=0‚1‚2‚3‚4……… ▪ so the number of electrons is 2‚6‚10‚14‚18……. ▪ this rule is called the Hückel’s Rule • monocyclic hydrocarbons with alternating single and double bonds are called annulenes • annulenes are named as [n]-annulene‚ where n is the number of carbon atoms in their
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The polarity of water Polarity means that the molecule has both a positively and negatively charged end. More important‚ the polarity of water is responsible for effectively dissolving other polar molecules‚ such as sugars and ionic compounds such as salt. Ionic compounds dissolve in water to form ions. This is important to remember because for most biological reactions to occur‚ the reactants must be dissolved in water. Because water is able to dissolve so many common substances‚ it is known as
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there seemed to be some problems with the interpretation of the data as they were obtained‚ so I thought I’d demonstrate how to do this calculation. Elemental sulfur has a molecular formula of S8 (there are 8 sulfur atoms in a molecule of sulfur‚ just like there are 2 hydrogen atoms in a molecule of hydrogen). So‚ the purpose of this experiment was really just to see how close you could come to this answer. To find the molar mass (and‚ using the atomic mass‚ the molecular formula) for sulfur‚ we
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Abstract: One is to determine the gap energy of cadmium sulfide semiconductor thin film using the equation: Eg = h.c/ is the signal of the long wavelength limit of the absorption peaks (measured in the lab). The reaction between cadmium sulfide and NH3‚ in the presents of thiourea yield a of 579(nm). The % error of the reaction is 1.24%. Introduction: There are 3 types of metals for electricity conducting: metallic conductor‚ semiconductor‚ and superconductor. Metallic conductors
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