Multiplication of contaminant bacteria in urine and interpretation of delayed culture. Abstract A prospective study of the bacterial populations of non-infected urine was mounted in an attempt to define the length of delay between voiding and analysis during which culture would not give false positive results due to the multiplication of contaminant bacteria present at the time of voiding. The findings suggest that culture of urine within four hours of voiding is likely to give a true indication
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B.Sc. First Year Semester – I Paper I .Fundamentals of Microbiology Credit - 1 1 Scope & relevance of Microbiology i) ii) iii) Definition & concepts Types of microorganism Distribution of microorganisms in nature 2. Development of Microbiology as a Scientific Discipline 1.1 History i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi) Credit – 2 Early observation of microorganisms Spontaneous generation conflict : Contribution of scientists Recognition of the microbial role in diseases. Koch’s postulates Recognition of microbial
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was a bacteria that makes the tomato rotten. One day‚ a farmer received a phone call from a scientist‚ that had a way to prevent this things happen. Bacterial Spot causes yield loss in tomato through reduced photosynthetic capacity and defoliation. Fruit quality is reduced indirectly due to sun-scald and directly by bacterial lesions. Bacterial spot of tomato is caused by as many as four species of Xanthomonas‚ including Xanthomonas euvesicatoria‚ X. vesicatoria‚ X. perforans‚ and X. gardneri (reviewed
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infection that can be treated if caught early enough. This paper will summarize the causative organism‚ how it is transmitted‚ signs and symptoms‚ the pathogenesis‚ epidemiology‚ diagnosis‚ and the treatment and prevention for this disease. Keywords: bacterial‚ fungal‚ meningitis‚ viral Meningitis Meningitis (2011) describes meningitis as‚ “a serious inflammation of the meninges‚ the thin‚ membranous covering of the brain and spinal cord.” The reason that meningitis is considered to be such a hazardous
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Although bacteria and viruses have many similarities‚ their differences are most evident in the ways they affect the human body. Bacteria and viruses share some similarities. For instance‚ both bacterial and viral infections are caused by a microbe. Bacterial or viral infections occur when microbes enter a body and reproduce. Once the microbes reproduce they can cause mild‚ moderate‚ or severe disease. They can cause acute infections which are very brief‚ chronic
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In the first experiment to investigate how E. coli survives in food‚ bacterial growth significantly differed between my group’s nutrient agar and MAC agar plates. In courgette‚ there was moderate growth in nutrient agar while it was heavy in Mac agar. In beef broth‚ there was slight growth in nutrient agar while it was negative in MAC agar. In fresh basil‚ growth was heavy in nutrient agar while it was heavy in MAC agar. Where cottage cheese was the ingredient‚ both plates had heavy growth. For walnut
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the minimum‚ maximum‚ and optimum pH levels for growth of specific bacterial species. It was found that lower pH levels between 2 and 4 inhibited or promoted little to no growth for E. faecalis‚ S. epidermidis‚ and L. casei. It is evident that these bacteria were resistant to alkaline environments‚ however‚ it should be noted that certain mechanisms must have been acquired or involved in maintaining equilibrium within the bacterial cell. High alkalinity generally leads to physiological problems within
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This experiment tested the growth of E.coli with inserted plasmid on an agar plate with Ampicillin. One colony of E.coli resistant to Ampicillin was grown during this experiment. The overall goal of the experiment was to successfully grow E.coli on the agar plate‚ which would show that the plasmid had been effectively inserted into the bacteria’s genes. This experiment helped students understand how plasmids were inserted into bacteria and used in real life situations. It also showed how the bacteria’s
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know which group an unknown microbe belongs to on a general level. When a microbiologist needs to identify a specific bacterium‚ biochemical tests are used. PART ONE: GENERAL BACTERIA IDENTIFICATION Review the dichotomous key in Figure A‚ the bacterial shapes in Figure B‚ and the Gram stain information below. You will use all three to determine to which major group unknown bacteria belong. Gram Stain Results: Purple = Gram positive Red = Gram negative Neither purple nor red = No cell
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(STSS). Sensory memory is affiliated with the transduction of energy (change from one energy from to another). The environment makes available a variety of sources of information (light‚ sound‚ smell‚ heat‚ cold‚ etc.)‚ but the brain only understands electrical energy. The body has special sensory receptor cells that transduce (change from one form of energy to another) this external energy to something the brain can understand. In the process of transduction‚ a memory is created. This memory is very
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