THE EMPIRICAL BASIS OF SECOND LANGUAGE TEACHING AND LEARNING LEARNING A SECOND LANGUAGE LIKE LEARNING A FIRST? 1. PSYCHOLINGUISTIC MECHANISM Dulay and Burt began with the premise that first and second language acquisition in children were the same process‚ and that the kinds of errors made by a second language leaner would be the same as those made by a first language leaner of the same language. Children learning a second language are usually older tan L1 learners; they are further along
Premium Second language acquisition Linguistics Language acquisition
relationships. The rapid development of language ability is one of the most amazing development feats of early childhood. Babbling begins about 4 months of age‚ and is the first step toward language development. Grammar‚ telegraphic speech‚ and use of morphemes follow in just a few year. Cognitive development refers to the emergence of mental abilities such as thinking‚ perceiving‚ and remembering. Jean Piaget suggests that children progress through four distinct stages : the sensorimotor stage‚ the pre-operational
Premium Developmental psychology Kohlberg's stages of moral development Theory of cognitive development
Polysemous Forms‚ Antonyms‚ Synonyms‚ Homographs‚ and how they affect speech performance in Tiv language. Introduction: Semantics play an important role in any given language‚ by assisting in the description of meaning in human language. Speech situations are laden with ambiguities‚ which occur either as antonyms‚ synonyms‚ homographs or polysemy. According to Varshney (1973:273) “polysemies are words with several‚ often quite different meaning‚ all derived from the basic idea or concept”
Premium Phonology Semantics Linguistics
------------------------------------------------- Indirect and direct borrowings Since the living Greek and English languages were not in direct contact until modern times‚ borrowings were necessarily indirect‚ coming either through Latin (through texts or various vernaculars)‚ or from Ancient Greek texts‚ not the living language. Some Greek words were borrowed into Latin and its descendants‚ the Romance languages. English often received these words from French. Their phonetic and orthographic form
Premium Greek language English language
Outline 1. Cognitive Linguistics: some basic facts 2. Branches of Cognitive Linguistics 1. Cognitive Linguistics: some basic facts What is cognitive linguistics? Cognitive linguistics is a branch of linguistics that focuses on the conceptual structures and cognitive processes that underlie linguistic representation and grammar in language. [3] Cognitive linguistics is the study of language in its cognitive function‚ where “cognitive” refers to the crucial role of intermediate
Premium Linguistics Cognitive science Semantics
how a language should or should not be used rather than describing the ways in which a language is actually used. 6. Structural grammar is a means of analyzing written and spoken language. It is concerned with how elements of a sentence such as morphemes‚ phonemes‚ phrases‚ clauses and parts of speech are put together. 7. Analytical language is a language that conveys grammatical relationships without using inflectional affixes 8. Syntactical language is a language intended for the study of a formal
Premium Syntax Verb Grammar
Language and Society 1. The relatedness between language and Society 1) While language is principally used to communicate meaning‚ it is also used to establish and maintain social relationships. 2) Users of the same language in a sense all speak differently. The kind of language each of them chooses to use is in part determined by his social background. Language‚ in its turn‚ reveals information about its speaker. 3) To some extent‚ language‚ especially the structure of its
Premium Language English language Variety
children learn by imitating the language they hear around them in their own childish way. However‚ a quick review of the material presented above will reveal that imitation plays little (or no) role at all. For example‚ when learning grammatical morphemes‚ remember‚ the child overregularizes the endings‚ producing forms like good-gooder-goodest‚ putted‚ taked‚ etc. Those forms do not occur in the speech heard by children‚ yet all children go through a stage in which they create them. Imitation can
Premium Linguistics Noam Chomsky Language acquisition
Lectures 4-5 OVERVIEW: 1. Child language development: stages 2. FLA Theories: Skinner‚ Piaget vs. Chomsky. 3. Roger Brown & Morpheme Order 4. Child-Directed Speech (motherese); CHILDES 5. Gordon Wells & The Bristol Project ============================================================== Summary of Theories
Premium Linguistics Noam Chomsky Behaviorism
they do not purely mimic utterances they hear around them. TELEGRAPHIC * Around 24-30 months * Jumps straight from the 2 word stage to the multiword stage * Children sound as if they are reading a telegram * Function words and morphemes are still lacking * The utterances have a clear hierarchal structure but not yet of the adult grammar * First inflection to emerge is –ing * With the plurals not far behind‚ (-s‚ -es‚ ‘s) and simple prepositions also occur at this time
Free Linguistics Grammar Language acquisition