concentrations so as to maintain a relatively constant pH when either acid or base is added. In this experiment a selection of buffer solutions (Bicarbonate/carbonic acid)‚ Lake water and distilled water were obtained to compare their buffering behaviours when mixed both with an acid and a base. The results showed buffering capacities for all the solutions except distilled water. Introduction Many lab experiments require constant pH while acids or bases are added to solutions either by reaction
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system c. protein buffers d. the digestive system THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 3. The maximum pH measured during hyperventilation was _______. 7.67 4. Describe the normal ranges for pH and PCO2 in the blood. The normal range for ph is 7.35-7.45 and the normal range for PCO2 is 35-45 5. Describe what happened to the pH and the carbon dioxide in the blood with hyperventilation. With hyperventilation the ph increases and carbon dioxide decreases 6. Explain how returning to normal breathing after
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Red Cabbage Indicator Indicators are chemical compounds that can be added to a solution to determine whether it is acidicor alkaline. The indicator will change colour depending on whether an acid or an alkali is added. The colour in red cabbage (it is a pigment called an anthocyanin) makes a very good indicator. Acids and alkalis Acids have a sour taste‚ like vinegar (which contains ethanoic acid) and lemons (which contain citric acid). Alkalis are substances that react with acids and neutralise
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[H3O(l)][CH3COOH(aq)] [H2O(l)] Keq x [H2O (l)] = Ka Ka= [CH3COO(aq)] [H3O(l)] [CH3COOH(aq)] Example Question: Calculate the pH at equilibrium for a 1.0 mol/L Ka= 1.8x10-5 CH3COOH (aq) + H2O(l) ↔ CH3COO (aq) + H3O(l) | CH3COOH (aq) | CH3COO (aq) | H3O(l) | I | 1mol/L | 0 | 0 | C | -x | x | x | E | 1-x | x | x | pH= -log [H+] pH= -log [H3O] pH= -log [4.2x10-3] pH= 2.38 X^2 1-X =1.8x10-5 Use 100 rule 1.8x10-5= X2 1.8x10-5 X= 4.2x10-3 Kb‚ Base Dissociation Constant Kb
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Background Information Part 1 In the first part of the enzyme lab‚ we mixed a substrate and an indicator with an enzyme. There was also a neutral buffer in each of the chemical mixtures. The neutral buffer regulated the pH to around 7. We got a color palette and once we mixed each together‚ we observed and saw a change in the color of the substance. The darker and more brown the substance got‚ the more oxygen produced by the reaction. Our results showed that amount of oxygen produced increased
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molecules Donor donates covalently bonded hydrogen to an electronegative acceptor atom 6. What does the pH of a solution refer to? The amount of Hydrogen ions found in a solution. 7. Which pH values are considered acidic‚ basic and neutral? 1-6 acidic 7 neutral 8-14 basic 8. What does the pKa of an acid or base refer to? Strength of acid 9. What is a buffer and at what pH value is a buffer most effective?
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Diazonium ions should be used immediately. Stored compounds can decompose‚ sometimes violently. DO synthesis inside the fumehood. MATERIALS Sodium nitrite Conc‚ sulphuric acid aniline N‚N-dimethylaniline nitroaniline phenol naphthol pyridine pH paper beaker‚ test tubes graduated cylinder filter paper PROCEDURES A. Preparation of Diazonium Salt Since these are immediately reacted‚ they should be prepared in parallel fashion‚ i.e. one vessel per prospective reaction. Into each vessel
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optimal ranges under which the enzyme activity ismaximized. Also to determine whether saline and alcohol are inhibitors or activators Hypothesis: PH factor prediction: I predict that as the pH increases so the activity of the enzyme willincrease until it reaches optimum pH range (pH 7) because the enzyme is less denaturedwhen it reaches the preferred pH level‚ and after this it will decrease because the activesite will change in shape and it will no longer accept substrates.Temperature factor prediction:
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temperature affect enzyme activity? I think that at normal body temperature‚ regular enzyme activity will occur. 5] What about pH levels? I think that at a balanced pH level (pH 7) like water‚ enzyme activity will be at the highest. Objectives: -To demonstrate the activity of an enzyme in living tissues -To learn how changes in temperature and pH affect the activity of a catalase -To experimentally test for the presence of catalase in living tissue -To analyze factors
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Salts 1. I am pure water. When heated my pH (increases‚ decreases)‚ because more of my water molecules dissociate. 2. I am a 0.020 M solution of weak acid‚ HA. If I only dissociate to the extent of 1.50%‚ what is the value of my Ka? 3. I am a 0.20 M solution of hydrocyanic acid‚ HCN‚ with a Ka of 4.93 x 10¯ 10 . What is my pH? 4. I am a buffer made from 0.10 M acetic acid and 0.15 M sodium acetate. If the Ka for acetic acid is 1.77 x 10¯ 5 ‚ what is my pH? 5. I am a substance who turns blue litmus
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