Student Name: Veronica Ryan Student No: 20120035 Assignment: Kant Lecturer: Prof: Wamsley Due Date: 23 August 2013 ____________________________________________________________________ Emmanuel Kant was an influential German Philosopher. He was born in Konigsberg in Prussia to Protestant parents he lived from 1724 to 1804. Kant observed the world around him and observed that that every culture religion and society has moral law whether they are obeyed or not. The Formula of Universal Law-
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Jeremy Bentham Jeremy Bentham was an English philosopher and political radical. He is highly known and respected today for his moral philosophy‚ primarily his principle of utilitarianism. Utilitarianism evaluates actions based upon their consequences. Bentham is most famously known for his pursuit of motivation and value. Bentham was a strong believer in individual and economic freedom‚ the separation of church and state‚ freedom of expression‚ equal rights for women‚ the right to
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conscious that served as the foundation for deontological approach. He emphasized that there not separation between duty and consequences‚ but nevertheless there exist gap between duty and "purely" deontological theory. Kant considered the freedom as practical reason and shared the moral law of liberty and natural law of necessity. From the perspective of deontological approach the usurious activities
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this intangible moral ideal. The problem is that‚ when speaking of morality‚ there are so many factors and perspectives to consider. First there is the intention of the person which determines the desired outcome of the action regardless of the practical consequences. Then‚ following action‚ you have consequences; these consequences will affect not only the individual and parties directly related‚ but may also affect the lives of other individuals
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theory offers a view of morality based on the principle of good will and duty. According to him‚ people can perform good actions solely by good intentions without any considerations to consequences. In addition‚ one must follow the laws and the categorical imperative in order to act in accordance with and from duty. Several other philosophers such as Hannah Arendt discuss Kant’s moral philosophy. In her case study: “The Accused and Duties of a Law-Abiding Citizen”‚ Arendt examines how Adolf Eichmann’s
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own culture onto theirs. ZACHERY: You could certainly make that claim from Mackie’s work. JANE: So what does he mean that there are no moral facts? ZACHERY: Well. First‚ Mackie defines two orders of "moral views". First order moral views are more practical and direct. And second order moral views are the views concerning the status of moral values and the nature of moral valuing (709). In this case‚ because we’re talking about moral facts‚ we’re only really concerned with what he calls second order
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Kant put forward the idea of two imperatives the hypothetical imperative‚ these are not moral commands and they don’t apply to everyone. In Kant’s eyes you only need to obey them if you want to achieve a certain goal. An example of this would be that Kant observed that the word ‘ought’ is often used none morally‚ for example ‘if you want to become a better artist or guitarist‚ you ought to practice’. On the other hand Kant also proposed the Categorical Imperative‚ these are moral commands that can
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which Kant says cannot be from examples or experience‚ but must be made up of a priori from practical reasoning. The moral law most also be a categorical imperative because acting immorally is deciding to make an exception for you when others have to obey the law. Kant thinks there is only one categorical imperative‚ but that it can be expressed in many different ways. One way Kant uses a categorical imperative is to use the concept of an end in itself. He says all of our actions have
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faculties of the mind: theoretical reason and practical reason. Theoretical reason allows us to answer the question‚ "What can I know?"‚ while practical reason allows us to answer the question‚ "What ought I to do?". For Kant‚ practical reason issues a duty to respect its law. That is‚ morality is not rooted in consequences (consequentialism)‚ but rather in sheer duty (deontological ethics). For Kant‚ practical reason issues a "categorical imperative" that commands us to act in a accordance with
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the intention‚ (3) because the law is universal‚ duty must follow from it. Any violation among these three propositions is considered immoral. Kant believes that the only way to accurate judgment concerning morality was a priori by means of pure practical
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