The Importance of Calcium Ions Alyssa Foels 12 February 2015 Kilfe Calcium is a cation‚ a positively charged atom‚ and it is essential to all living things. It was first discovered in 1808 by Humphrey Davy. When forming an ionic bond with other elements‚ calcium loses electrons to make its valence shell stable. This means that it has more protons than electrons‚ making it have a slight positive charge (Calcium). Calcium has many roles and functions in the human body. Calcium ions are the
Premium Bone Ion Calcium
Vu Ngo % MgO Determination September 10‚ 2012 Procedure: Reference to lab manual Data: Mass of Na2EDTA∙2H2O‚ g | .9289 | Standardization of EDTA Solution | Trial 1 | Trial 2 | Final buret reading‚ EDTA (mL) | 18.5 | 36.7 | Initial buret reading‚ EDTA(mL) | 0.5 | 18.5 | Determination of % MgO of Unknown Unknown Number | 4J | | Sample 1 | Sample 2 | Sample 3 | Mass of sample (g) | 0.2135 | 0.2132 | 0.2139 | Final buret reading‚ EDTA (mL) | 73.5 | 74.2 | 74.2 | Initial
Premium Magnesium Science Oxide
Topic 4 - Bonding 4.1 Ionic bonds 4.1.1 Ionic bond: +ve (cations) and -ve (anions) ions are attracted to each other and form a continuous ionic lattice 4.1.2 Group 1 metals form +1 ions‚ group 2 metals form +2 ions‚ metals in group 3 form +3 ions . Examples : Li+‚ Mg2+‚ Al3+. Greater ease of ionisation Li->Cs is due to the increased electron shielding of the nuclear attraction caused by additional inner shells of electrons. The easier atoms are to ionise‚ the more reactive they
Premium Covalent bond Chemical bond Ionic bond
Investigating the solubility of Group II hydroxides Jiyeon Kim Aim: To investigate the solubility of Group II hydroxides (Mg(OH)2‚ Ca(OH)2‚ Sr(OH)2‚ Ba(OH)2) Research Question: What is the trend of solubility of Group II hydroxides going down the group as determined through measuring the volume of hydroxides needed to titrate with a known concentration of hydrochloric acid? Background Information: Solubility is when a solute forms a homogeneous solution by dissolving in solvent. The solubility
Premium Chemistry Acid Sodium hydroxide
CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF FRESHWATERS Objectives At the end of this section‚ students should be able to 1. Distinguish between freshwaters and seawater in terms of ionic composition. 2. Describe the variation of ionic composition in natural freshwaters and other inland waters. 3. Explain the factors that contribute to such variation. 4. Describe Gibbs’ model that explains the major factors contributing to variation in chemical composition of inland waters. 5. Explain
Premium Oxygen Carbon dioxide Water
Abstract A novel solution growth methodology for fabrication of amorphous‚ red selenium thin ®lms and their conversion to the hexagonal‚ gray modi®cation is presented. The method is based on deposition process from aqueous solution of selenosulfate by citric or ascorbic acid as oxidizing agents. The X-ray diffraction method is used for identi®cation of the deposited materials. Ultra-thin ®lms of both amorphous and hexagonal selenium are highly transparent in the Vis±NIR spectral region. # 2001
Premium Vacuum Chemistry
CHAPTER - 1 INTRODUCTION TO BATTERIES An electrical battery is one or more electrochemical cells that convert stored chemical energy into electrical energy. Since the invention of the first battery in 1800 by Alessandro Volta‚ batteries have become a common power source for many household and industrial applications. Batteries are represented symbolically as follows Fig. 1(a) Symbolic view Fig.1(b)conventional battery Electrons flow from the negative terminal towards
Premium Battery Rechargeable battery Electrode
DNA DIGESTION AND ELECTROPHORESIS In this experiment we will be doing a process called as DNA digestion or also known as restriction digest. A restriction digest is a procedure used in molecular biology to prepare DNA for analysis or other processing. It is sometimes termed DNA fragmentation‚ scientists Hartl and Jones describe it this way: This enzymatic technique can be used for cleaving DNA molecules at specific sites‚ ensuring that all DNA fragments that contain a particular sequence have the
Premium Molecular biology DNA
Associate Level Material Indoor Air Pollution Resources: Chapter 19 of Environmental Science and the EPA web site‚ “Introduction to Air Quality”. Retrieved from‚ http://www.epa.gov/iaq/ia-intro.html Complete the following chart: Pollutant Sources Health effects Is Your Risk Level Acceptable? Solutions Sustainable Replacements‚ when appropriate Radon Natural decay of uranium found in almost all soils. Radon leaks into homes through walls‚ floors‚ and water (EPA‚ 2014). Lung cancer (EPA
Free Chemistry Chemical substance Cancer
protons= #neutrons) Isotopes- variation of neutrons in an element(top left corner of atomic symbol) H‚ H‚ H Counting protons‚ electrons‚ and neutrons in IONS Ion- # of electrons (top right # on atomic symbol) H‚ H‚ H Cation(metal)- lost/less electrons(+) Anion (non-metal)- gained/more electrons(-) Calculating Average Atomic Mass from isotope masses and percentages Average Atomic Mass= (amu x .%)+ (amu x .%)= aam Atomic Theories Dalton Thomson Rutherford Gold-Foil Experiment
Premium Atom Stoichiometry Chemistry