1. What is life? Life is the state of a material‚ complex or individual‚ characterized by the capacity to perform certain functional activities which include metabolism‚ growth‚ reproduction‚ and some form of responsiveness and adaptation. 2. What are the characteristics of living things? Organization Homeostasis Metabolism Growth Adaptation Response Reproduction 3. Create a table with two columns with the headings living and non-living and place the following under the appropriate columns
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glycogen breaks down into ATP as well as lactic acid. This system supplies ATP slower than the Phosphocreatine system. The body cannot produce enough ATP to maintain this energy source for longer than around 2 minutes. There is a limit to anaerobic respiration because of the lactic acid. The buildup of lactic acid will end up stopping the movement of the muscles are it beings to become painful. The anaerobic energy system is commonly associated with the 400m sprint‚ 100m swim‚ most teams sports and
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carried out by living organisms. This process is carried out in two different ways: anabolic and catabolic. The catabolic breaks down large chemical compounds while anabolic synthesizes components to create larger molecules. Respiration provides energy for these reactions‚ and respiration needs oxygen to occur. Thus‚ calculating the change in oxygen can determine metabolic rate (University‚ 59). In this experiment‚ we will observe and analyze the oxygen consumption of Carassius auratus‚ also known as goldfish
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Cancer cells produce energy at a rate of two ATPs per glucose molecule. Cancer cells make more glucose for energy for the cell. Respiration dysfunction in cancer cells prevents glucose oxidation. Without glucose oxidation‚ cells aren’t able to turn that energy into the chemical form cells use.1 Mitochondria have a way of shutting off the cell so it doesn’t mutate. When cells get older
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of toast you had for breakfast generates the most ATP? (a) the digestion of starch to glucose (b) glycolysis (c) the citric acid cycle (d) oxidative phosphorylation 13-3 The advantage to the cell of the gradual oxidation of glucose during cellular respiration compared with its combustion to CO2 and H2O in a single step is that ________________. (a) more free energy is released for a given amount of glucose oxidized (b) no energy is lost as heat (c) energy can be extracted in usable amounts (d) more
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ATP and its Role in Living Organisms An exemplary biology essay ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is vital to living organisms. It acts as a short-term store of energy in a cell‚ carrying it from where it is synthesised (e.g. the mitochondria) to where it is needed for biological processes. It is well suited to this job for the following reasons: it is small and soluble (and so can be easily transported around a cell); it is easily broken down to release energy; it can transfer energy to other molecules;
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CE BIO 1994 1. (a) (i) The formation of red precipitate indicates the presence of reducing sugar (glucose) in the water ------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 This shows that the dialysis tubing is permeable to glucose / permits the diffusion of glucose into the external solution ------------------------------------------ 1 (ii) (1) Increased amount of precipitates in set-up a indicates the presence of more reducing sugar -------------------------------------------------------------
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of two ATPs are produced as the process uses two ATPs and produces four. Glycolysis consists of ten chemical reactions; each reaction is catalysed using a different enzyme. Oxygen is not required during glycolysis so it is considered anaerobic respiration. Glycolysis must be regulated so that energy is produce only when required. During glycolysis there are three enzymes that catalyse or inhibit the rate of reaction. These are hexokinase‚ phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase. During the first
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Action of enzymes as catalysts in biochemical processes * Enzymes acts as catalyst and increase the rate of all the chemical reactions. * Enzymes are also described by two properties like all other catalysts. It composed of two main functions. * The first function is that‚ they increase the rate of chemical reactions by without consumed themselves or undergo any change or alteration in the reaction. . ( Zemitec et‚al 2008). * The second function is‚ they increase reaction rates
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known as the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle)‚ the Krebs cycle‚ or the Szent-Györgyi-Krebs cycle‚ [1][2] — is a series of enzyme-catalysed chemical reactions‚ which is of central importance in all living cells that use oxygen as part of cellular respiration. In eukaryotic cells‚ the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. The components and reactions of the citric acid cycle were established by seminal work from Albert Szent-Györgyi and Hans Krebs. In aerobic organisms‚ the
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