Thin-Layer Chromatography of Steroid Hormones Physiology Report 4.2 March 7th‚ 2012 By: Taryn Westerman Donald Fru Gloria Villarreal Julian Garcia Objective The purpose of this experiment was to test the solubility of various steroids in order to obtain more information about their structure. An unknown was also given to be included in the experiment. The test that was performed was thin-layer chromatography which required a glass plate. The known steroids used in this experiment were
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experiment was to determine if green light had less ability to absorb than red light in spinach leaves. This was done by separating the photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a‚ chlorophyll b‚ carotene and xanthophylls) from one another using paper chromatography. The separated pigments were then analyzed for their absorption spectrum using a spectrographometer. When the data was graphed it clearly showed the higher rate of red light absorption over green light. These results along with previous research
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HPLC Theory: System Suitability Parameters High performance liquid chromatography is defined as a separation of mixtures of compounds due to differences in their distribution equilibrium between two phases‚ the stationary phase packed inside columns and the mobile phase‚ delivered through the columns by high pressure pumps. Components whose distribution into the stationary phase is higher‚ are retained longer‚ and get separated from those with lower distribution into the stationary phase. The
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...................................................................... 12 4. Basic principles and applications of Potentiometry .................. 16 II. Separation techniques ............................................................ 25 1. Chromatography ................................................................... 25 2. Electrophoresis ..................................................................... 53 III. Immunoassays .............................................................
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SAMPLE PREPARATION METHODS FOR LIQUID SAMPLES Table of Contents SAMPLE PREPARATON Analytical procedures consist of numerous stages‚ the most important of which is the collection of a sample and its preparation for analysis as samples are usually not in a suitable form for direct introduction into analytical instruments (Tankiewicz et al.‚ 2011). Sample preparation can be thought of as any treatment that the sample is subjected to following its collection‚ prior to its analysis
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High-performance liquid chromatography (formerly referred to as high-pressure liquid chromatography)‚ HPLC‚ is a chromatographic technique used to separate the components in a mixture‚ to identify each component‚ and to quantify each component. HPLC is considered an instrumental technique of analytical chemistry (as opposed to a gravimetric technique). In general‚ the method involves a liquid sample being passed over a solid adsorbent material packed into a column using a flow of liquid solvent.
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substitution reaction to perform synthesis of 2-phenylethanol to get (2-bromoethyl)benzene. Using NaBr in an acidic solvent of H2SO4 with H2O present‚ this synthesis was possible. Subsequent evaluations using TLC and then analyzed samples by Gas Chromatography were done to evaluate the results. Using SN2 reactions‚ primary alcohol is going to be converted to alkyl halide. Since the reaction can be reversed‚ the strong sulfuric acid was to make sure the product would indeed be an alkyl halide. This is
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Current Regulations for Standardization of Crude Drugs In India a great deal of bulk knowledge exists among ordinary people about the traditional use of herbal medicine. It is difficult to quantify the market size of the traditional Indian system. Since most practitioners formulate and dispense their own recipes. The present annual turnover of product manufactured by large companies is estimated at approximately US $ 300 million compared to a turnover of approximately US $ 2.5 billions for modern
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INTRODUCTION Plant pigments consist of four main chemicals. These are Chlorophylls‚ The carotenoids‚ Anthocyanin and Betacaine. The aims of this experiment is to separate the plant pigment into different colours using solvents and column chromatography. The hypothesis of this experiment is that this plant pigment from spinach will contain the chlorophyll pigment or may contain the others too. Chlorophyll: Chlorophyll a is the main component of the plant pigments. This is used for the most
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Ferrocene and Acetylferrocene will be separated using column chromatography. Column chromatography is a separation technique that is used among many disciplines including biology‚ biochemistry‚ microbiology and medicine. Many common antibiotics are purified by column chromatography.1 Column chromatography allows us to separate and collect individual compounds. In this experiment‚ lumen will be the stationary phase‚ and the more polar substance will be retained on the stationary phase longer
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