CHAPTER 3 – LEARNING AND MEMORY • Marketers understand that long-standing‚ learned connections between products and memories are a potent way to build and keep brand loyalty. • Learning is a relatively permanent change in behavior caused by experience (not always directly‚ but by observation of events that affect others). - An ongoing process - Ranges from simple association between a stimulus (product logo - Coke) to a response (“refreshing soft drink”) – to a complex series of cognitive
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B.F. Skinner developed psychological theories around operant conditioning‚ punishment‚ reinforcement‚ and superstitious behavior. Skinner made great contributions to the psychological field using his theory of operant conditioning. Operant conditioning is voluntary behavior that has been modified by providing reinforcement or punishment. This punishment or reinforcement will cause the behavior to reoccur or stop depending on the consequence. Skinner designed a contraption called a “skinner box”
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culturally‚ it also serves as a classical conditioning positive and negative supporter. Discipline is something that can occur in various different forms. It may be most commonly gained through rewards‚ punishments‚ currency‚ positive & negative reinforcements‚ and manipulation. The primary purpose of food in The Lion‚ the Witch and the Wardrobe and Where the Wild Things Are is to discipline the characters in the stories. In the short story‚ Where the Wild Things Are‚ food is used to discipline Max
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use of reinforcement procedures to bring out appropriate behaviors while withholding reinforcement for inappropriate behaviors that we would like to see decrease. 2. How is ABA different from Behavior Modification? Discrete Trial Teaching? Parents and teachers can increase behaviors that we want children to have and decrease the behaviors that we do not want in many ways and this process is called behavioral modification. Behavior modification uses techniques (e.g. punishment‚ reinforcement‚ extinction
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became known as behaviorism. STIMULUS > RESPONSE > REINFORCEMENT In Behaviorist learning theory‚ conditioning is the result of a three-stage process: Stimulus > Response > Reinforcement. In the rat experiment‚ the light coming on would be the stimulus‚ the rat pushing the button would be the response and the food would be the reinforcement.
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would be if you would have started a discipline training with your dog when he or she were younger. Before training your dog there are things we must also remember. There are three important factors to training your dog patience‚ consistency‚ and reinforcement. Being patient allows your dog to fully grasp the concept you are trying to teach. Rushing your dog will only allow confusion. It’s very important to keep a patient attitude so that the dog will feel accomplished after it learns a new command
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explanation of how attachments are learned according to the Learning Theory is through Operant Conditioning. Operant Conditioning involves reinforcement or a reward to maintain a relationship. Dollard and Miller stated that all babies are born (like Classical Conditioning) with a need to reduce feelings of hunger. When the mother feeds the baby it acts as a positive reinforcement or a reward on the behaviour of the baby. The reward that the baby receives is a positive reward. The learning theory‚ firstly
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Effects of Physical Punishment to Modify Undesirable Behavior in Children. There must be a concern for the negative effects of physical punishment of children’s undesirable behavior. One main concern is that abusive parenting is a model that children adopt an acceptable method of parenting their own children. There is certainly a correlation between children who have been subject to harsh physical punishment and children who grow up to be abusive adults. Also‚ modeling violent behavior for children
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Skinner Behaviorist Theory Operant Conditioning Observable Positive & Negative reinforcement Punishment Extinction Clear Goals Logical Sequence Self- Pacing Schedules of Reinforcement Token economies Contingency contracts Operant Conditioning WATSON 1913- Observe what can be seen not mental or emotional states Behavioral learning Theory Keyword Obervable MISSED Major Theorist- Skinner (Up top) “Organisms learn to ‘operate’ on their environment in order to obtain or avoid
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There are three different types of reinforcement approaches to motivation. The reinforcement approaches are: Skinner’s Operant Conditioning Theory‚ Resource Allocation Theory‚ and Goal Orientation Perspectives. Each of these theories focuses on how a past behavior can have an effect on future behaviors or how behaviors are created by past experiences. These experiences try to evaluate why people remain motivated. Skinners Operant Conditioning Theory focuses on the thought that individual’s actions
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