DNA replication mechanism is an integral and the most important part of cell division. It is a complicated mechanism that requires a lot of steps and different enzymes. Many scientists were trying to understand the mechanism of DNA replication and its role in the transfer of the hereditary information to the offsprings. DNA replication begins with a single origin of replication that starts off the process by creating a replication bubble. In many eukaryotic cells‚ the DNA strand will have more than
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Enzymes are proteins or nucleic acids that catalyze reactions. They are able to speed up reactions by reducing the activation energy of a reaction. Each kind of enzyme has a specific shape that matches its substrate so it can bind to its active site. Enzymes convert their substrates into a product. Enzyme activity are affected by factors such as temperature‚ pH‚ and time. If an enzyme is exposed to extreme heat‚ it will become denatured‚ that is‚ to become deformed and lose its original shape which
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Use of Enzymes in Food Industry - Food industry utilizes a variety of enzymes for processing of various foods‚ e.g.‚ production of various types of syrups from starch or sucrose (a- and β- amylases‚ glucamylase‚ pullulanase‚ invertase‚ and glucose isomerase)‚ meat/protein processing using proteases‚ removal of glucose and or molecular oxygen (O2) using glucose oxidase and catalase‚ use of lactase in dairy industry and use of enzymes in fruit juice and brewing industries. Glucose oxides are obtained
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Purpose: To find how pH and temperature levels affect the enzyme Background: Enzymes are a type of protein vital to sustaining life‚ it works with vitamins and minerals as a biological catalyst‚ which lowers the activation energy for a reaction to occur. Each individual type of enzyme does a specific job‚ and they do not die‚ they are reused. For example‚ catalase is an enzyme found in almost all living cells that will break down hydrogen peroxide and turn it into water and oxygen. The
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DNA databases In 1992‚ The United States‚ Federal Bureau of Investigation funded the Combined DNA Index System (CODIS). It is a computer system that stores DNA profiles created by federal‚ state‚ and local crime laboratories in the United States‚ with the ability to search the database in its entirety; it also helps agencies identify suspects of crime. The origin of CODIS is attributed to the Scientific Working groups (SWG) that began in the late 80’s. SWG was backed by the FBI Laboratory which
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information on what DNA replication looks like. The sources showed me what a strand of DNA looks like as well as giving me an explanation of what occurs during DNA replication. As my model is colour coded it makes it clearer as to what is occurring during each step in DNA replication as well as what each element is. It also clarifies what the external elements are when DNA replicates i.e. helicase‚ polymerase and DNA ligase. However‚ there are also limitations to my DNA replication model.
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forefront is DNA vaccination. DNA vaccines are bacterial plasmids that encode the polypeptide sequence
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Enzymes are catalysts that are used to speed up chemical reactions. Adding inorganic catalysts to reactants increase the rate of most chemical reactions. However‚ all enzymes are different and there are numerous amounts. Many enzymes are essential for life and reactions would not happen rapidly to maintain life with the help of enzymes. Specific enzymes lower the activation energy for specific reactions and shapes. Activation energy is required to start a chemical reaction. This occurs when energy
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Enzyme Catalysis Introduction: Enzymes are produced by living organisms as proteins. These enzymes perform as catalysts to bring about a chemical reaction. In fact‚ most reactions are catalyzed by enzymes during reactions in the cell or in the human body. A catalyst that enzymes pose ad are by definition substances that are capable of initiating or speeding up a chemical reaction. Catalyst are not a necessity during a chemical reaction‚ they are just used to speed up a chemical reaction. This event
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The purpose of the DNA extraction lab was not only to inform students on how DNA is present in humans and all organisms‚ but to also educate them on how DNA can be extracted using common household materials. Also‚ the lab was very efficient as it introduced the students to extracting their own DNA found on their cheek cells as well as letting them take an observation on how DNA appears or how it is formed. Additionally‚ students were instructed through a very clear and simple procedure‚ which guided
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