Unit 1 What is inside an atom? * A positively charged nucleus composed of protons and neutrons * Electrons that surround the nucleus What are isotopes? Isotopes are atoms with the same number of protons and different numbers of electrons How do we represent different atoms? What is specific charge? The specific charge of a particle is defined as its charge divided by its mass What keeps protons and neutrons in a nucleus together? A stable isotope has nuclei that do not disintegrate
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atomic nuclei. This is how the nucleus of the atom is formed. The force is so strong that the minute particle that carries the force is called “gluon‚” which is means “glue” in Latin. The strength of this force is very particular. The protons and electrons are sensitive and have to be specifically arranged and a have the right distance apart. The weak force‚ also known as the weak interaction‚ maintains the balance of order within the nucleus of the atom. This balance of protons and neutrons guarantees
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characteristics. * 1897: JJ Thomson discovered electron and isotopes‚ and invented the mass spectrometer. * 1898: Marie Curie discovered and isolated radium‚ a new element which unprompted disintegrated into other elements. This proved that the atoms of one element at least were not indivisible. * 1911: Ernest Rutherford established that the nucleus was very dense‚ very small and positively charged. He also assumed that the electrons were located outside the nucleus. * 1922: Niels
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nitrogen atoms regaining an electron and oxygen and nitrogen atoms returning from an excited state to ground state. - Ionized/excited from the collision of solar wind and megnetiopheric particles being funneled down and running along the earth’s magnetic field lines. - when charged particles originating in the Sun and transported here by solar winds collide with particles located in Earth’s magnetosphere - These collisions‚ which mostly involve electrons‚ but can also feature protons
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Biology 100 Quiz 1 1. Which is the smallest unit of life that can survive and reproduce on its own? x | a cell | | a molecule | | an organ | | a population | | an ecosystem | 2. The instructions in DNA are used to make x | proteins | | carbohydrates | | DNA | | energy | | homeostasis | 3. The chemical processes in the living cell are collectively called | adaptation | | homeostasis | | evolution | | respiration | x
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atom. Electrons Hydrogen Helium Neutrons Protons As a class‚ identify the atoms represented here and label the sub-atomic particles. Carbon OxygenPhosphorous Calcium What elements are represented here? Use the Periodic Table on the wall to identify these atoms. What does the term “valence shell” mean? Label the valence shell on each of these. Ions Loss or gain of an electron makes an atom into an ion. + Gaining an electron makes a positive or negative ion? - Losing an electron makes
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Lightning Perhaps the most known and powerful display of electrostatics in nature is a lightning storm. Lightning storms are inescapable from humankind’s attention. They are never invited‚ never planned and never gone unnoticed. The rage of a lightning strike will wake a person in the middle of the night. They send children rushing into parent’s bedrooms‚ crying for assurance that everything will be safe. The fury of a lightning strike is capable of interrupting midday conversations and activities
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He tested the origin and properties of cathode ray using a cathode ray tube. And his observation was with electricity‚ a metal plate produces a cathode ray. The model is called plum pudding model. Because it has negative charged particles named electrons inside atom. They can be removed or added to form an iron. * Loard Ernest Rutherford * Lord Ernest Rutherford came from Nelson New Zealand. In 1911‚ his observation was the atom should be‚ if the plum theory was correct‚ solid pudding‚
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exam 1 material * probelsm 11-20 exam 2 material * problems 21-30 exam 3 material * problems 31-35 new material (MO theory from ch 11‚ ch 12) All Single-choice 10 multiple choice material 2. Which pair of atoms/ions has same # of electrons? 32p and 32s 15e 16e- Al 3+ and Cl- 10e- 18e- Xe and I- 54e- 54e- 13C 14N 6e- 7e- ^ the 13 on C is mass number. = # protons + # neutrons. 3. N2 + 2 O2 + Cl2 -> 2 NO2 Start with 6 mol N2‚ 4 mol O2‚ 4 mol Cl2‚ Find limiting
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continue on with Dalton’s theory‚ which lead them into new areas of experiments. In the late 1800’s JJ Thompson‚ the Physicist discovered the sub atomic particle known as the electron. JJ Thompson made a model known as the “Plum Pudding” where you can see the pudding as positive charged and the plums as negatively charged electrons. This theory was invalid due to what is known as the Rutherford gold foil experiment‚ which is designed to probe an atom. Rutherford’s gold foil experiment displayed that
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