experiment was to observe how the change in solvent polarity affects the rate and to determine the kinetics of a solvolysis reaction. In this experiment‚ we used 1-chloro-1-phenylethane in acetone in one reaction with 50% ethanol-50% water and in another reaction with 40% ethanol-60% water. To monitor he rate of reaction‚ we would need the concentration of the alkyl chloride at the beginning of the reaction and at a time t‚ but since we did not determine the concentrations‚ we monitored the rate
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standFilter funnelBunsen‚ tripod and gauze matWatch glassGlass rodBeakers (two 100mL)Graduated cylinder (25 mL)Filter paper (Whatman No. 1—three 12.5 cm sheets)Sodium chloride/charcoal mixture (4 g)Sodium chloride/copper(II) chloride mixture (8 g)Ethanol (25 mL)Distilled waterBoiling chipProcedureA Separation of a Sodium Chloride and Charcoal Mixture#1 Place 4 g of the salt/charcoal mixture in a 100 mL beaker and add about 15 mL of distilled water. Stir the mixture for about two minutes to allow the
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depressant(sedative)- it slows down the body’s functions and its effects are similar to those of a general painkillings. Ethyl alcohol (ethanol) is the active ingredient in all alcoholic drinks. Ether is an anesthetic that works on the brain and puts it to sleep. The same symptoms operating patient experiences under ether are those experienced by a person drinking alcohol.intro Ethanol is commercially produced using a process called fermentation. Many other alcohols can be made this way‚ but are more likely
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The aim of this experiment is to investigate the combustion of various alcohols. The alcohols will be burnt to heat up a test tube of water‚ I aim is to find out how much energy is produced when burning the following alcohols: Methanol‚ Ethanol‚ Propanol‚ Butanol‚ and Pentanol. Any form of burning is an exothermic reaction (heat is given out)‚ this means that the reactants energy is higher than that of the product. Alcohols react with oxygen in the air to form water and carbon dioxide
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Responding variable : Heat of combustion Fixed variables : Volume of water‚ copper can‚ thermometer [ K1PP1(ii) - Able to write the hypothesis or variables correctly] Materials ethanol‚ propanol‚ butanol‚ water Apparatus Copper can‚ tripod stand‚ thermometer‚ 100 cm3 measuring cylinder‚ spirit lamp‚ weighing balance‚ wooden block‚ wind shield [ K1PP1(iii) - Able to list all the materials and apparatus
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The extraction of Bio-ethanol from banana and apple peelings through the process of Fermentation and Distillation Purpose & Hypothesis The main purpose of the experiment was to observe if the common household wastes apple and banana peelings- were suitable to be used as another source for production of bio-ethanol It was hypothesized that the banana peelings would produce more bio-ethanol than the apple peelings due to its greater amount of sugar Ethanol‚ which is also known as ethyl alcohol
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attractions involved. Intermolecular Attractions F There are dipole-dipole attractions and hydrogen bonding between polar acetone and polar water. J There are dipole-dipole attractions and hydrogen bonding between ethanol and water. There are also dipole-dipole attractions between ethanol and diethyl ether. L There are hydrogen bonding‚ dipole-induced dipole forces‚ and dipole-dipole forces between sucrose and water. 2. For solutes that are dissolved because of reaction with the solvent‚ write
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commonly used form of acyclic alcohol is ethanol which is a clear‚ volatile‚ flammable liquid that boils at 78.4℃. It is used as an industrial solvent‚ car fuel‚ and as raw materials in the chemical industry. Ethanol is widely used as a solvent for human contact or consumption‚ including perfumes‚ flavorings‚ colorings‚ and medicines. Another type of acyclic acid is methanol‚ and it is also the simplest sort of alcohol. It is a clear liquid that resembles ethanol is odor and properties‚ but it has a
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Treating starch How is starch and cellulose treated to allow them to be used by the yeast? (1)Starch is a complex carbohydrate that is insoluble in water. It is supplied by traditional staple foods such as cereals‚ roots and tubers. Starch is used in cooking for thickening foods such as sauce. In industry‚ it is used in the manufacturing of paper‚ textiles and as a mould in the manufacture of sweets such as wine gums and jelly beans. Fermentation (2)As with any food preparation‚ there are
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other page Analysis: b) i) Ethanol – q=(100g)(4.18J/g/C)(25.5C) q=10659J Propanol – q=(100g)(4.18J/g/C)(21.5C) q=8987J Butanol – q=(100g)(4.18J/g/C)(23.5C) q=9823J ii) Ethanol – 10659J/0.985g= 10.8kJ/g Propanol – 8987J/0.845g= 10.6kJ/g Butanol – 9823J/0.75g = 13.1 kJ/g iii) Ethanol – n=0.985g/46.01g/mol = 0.0214 mol Propanol – n=0.845g/60.01g/mol = 0.0141 mol Butanol – n=0.75g/74.1g/mol = 0.0101 mol iv) Propanol – 8987J/0.0141 mol = 637kJ/mol Ethanol – 10659J/0.0214 mol = 498kJ/mol
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