Infections That Are Caused By Pathogens Pathogens are microorganisms that cause diseases are called pathogens. They are specialised to infect the human body tissues where they reproduce and cause damage that gives rise to the symptoms of the infection although this may happen the body is very good at repairing itself as the body fights back by mobilising its immune system to fight of the infection. Infection is an invasion by a multiplication of pathogenic microorganisms in a bodily part or
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surrounding them‚ or some may be genetic. Pathogens are micro-organisms which cause disease some bacteria‚ fungi and all viruses are pathogens. Pathogens enter our bodies through various methods such as breaks in the skin‚ the digestive system‚ and respiratory system. Pathogens can survive in many conditions such as in the air and in water and can be passed on in this way‚ examples such as; the common cold virus is airborne and cholera bacteria are waterborne. Pathogens can thrive in unhygienic conditions
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The University of Texas at San Antonio has had an outbreak‚ but nobody knows what pathogen is to blame. The infirmary has been filled with students seeking help. Sue is 18 and is one of the students in the university and she’s been feeling quite ill. Her roommate Jill and their acquaintances Maggie and Maria have been feeling sick as well. Anthony‚ Maria’s friend‚ has lately noticed that he has been very tired while he is reporting the school games for the school paper. Arnie‚ a fellow peer of Anthony
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Biology Revision Notes Biochemical Tests: Proteins - add biurettes reagent to the sample. If protein is present‚ clear colour change from blue to purple. Reducing Sugars – add Benedict’s reagent to the sample. Heat in Bunsen or water bath. If reducing sugars are present‚ clear colour changes from blue -> orange red precipitate. Lipids – dissolve sample in ethanol. Slowly pour the solution into the water slowly. If lipids are present a white emulation forms on the surface. Starch – add iodine
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Lesson 7.01: Nervous and Endocrine Systems Explain how the two parts of the nervous system work together Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System The PNS carries impulses in and out of the CNS Identify the major parts of the brain Cerebrum(remembering‚ thinking‚ feeling)‚ Cerebellum(coordination‚ balance)‚ brain stem(breathing‚ digestion‚ heart rate) Describe the structure and function of the central and peripheral nervous systems CNS: made up of the brain and spinal cord
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vessels and returns the fluid to the circulatory system Pathogen- Disease Causing Agent Vector- animal that carries pathogens from person to person Bacteria- domain of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls containing peptidoglycan Virus- particle made up of nucleic acid‚ protein‚ and in some cases lipids that can replicate only by infecting living cells Capsid- outer protein coat of a virus Antibody- protein that helps destroy pathogens Antibiotic- compound that blocks the growth and reproduction
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Archaebacteria Diatom Dead Sea salt pillar Protozoa Virus Paramecium HIV 1 Why study microbiology? W e have trillions of living microbes in our bodies – indigenous or normal microflora 3% known microbes are disease-causing (pathogens) Essential for life on planet e.g oxygen production‚ nutrients recycling‚ food chain‚ Industrial use e.g. bioremediation (decompose industrial waste)‚ genetic engineering (gene transfer)‚ food & beverage (bread‚ butter‚ cheese‚ beer‚ wine)
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commercial because it was filled with constant infant coughs‚ but many don’t know the cause of pertussis‚ or whooping cough. Whooping cough is caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis (“Causes and Transmission”‚ 2015). Bordetella pertussis is a pathogen that belongs to the domain bacteria. The species name‚ Bordetella pertussis‚
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malaria and chicken pox. Symptoms of systemic infections include; fever‚ chills‚ weakness and aching joints. The chain of infection begins with a pathogen. The pathogen needs the right environment to enable them to grow. They need a route of transmission and a portal of entry. They then begin to multiply and make the host feel ill‚ then some of the pathogens will now exit the body and the chain begins again. Infections are caused by microbes which are found everywhere such as dust‚ homes‚ animals
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is an outdated disease‚ due to the many ways we now have to combat the pathogen‚ but every year almost 400‚000 people die due to infection with Bordetella pertussis (1‚ 41). Bordetella pertussis is a gram-negative coccobacillus bacterium‚ which causes whooping cough in humans (1‚ 41). The bacterium is spread by air borne particles or mucus droplets and is highly contagious. Although there is no known reservoir for the pathogen humans can often be asymptomatic‚ due to vaccination or immunity‚ and
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