two highly electron withdrawing carbonyl groups. Experimental: To a 100 mL flask‚ 22 mL of Diclopentadiene was added and arranged for fractional distillation into an ice-cooled receiver. In order for the diene to distill‚ heat was applied to the dimer with a microburner. Into a 50 ml round bottom flask boiling chips were added before starting the distillation . Within about 5 mins while reaching a steady boiling point
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Introduction Esters are among the most widespread of all naturally occurring compounds. Many simple esters are pleasant-smelling liquids that are responsible for the fragrant odors of fruits and flowers. Examples are benzyl acetate‚ which is finding in orange oil‚ and isopentyl acetate‚ which is the part of banana oil. The ester linkage is also present in animal fats and in many biologically important molecules. Esters can be formed from both organic and inorganic acids and the process of producing
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Functional Groups of Organic Compounds A functional group is a specific arrangement of atoms in the HC derivative other than carbon and hydrogen. Literally‚ the functional group determines the functions of the particular HC derivative in chemical reactions. This means that the specific properties of the HC derivative are due to its functional group. Each functional group is attached to an alkyl radical (R). An alkyl radical is one H atom less than the given alkane. The alkyl radical (R) uses
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The average contents (±SD) of kaurenoic acid in the Araliae Continentalis Radix extract powder were estimated as 1.147±0.008 mg in 1.0054 g‚ usual dose of Araliae Continentalis Radix. Quantification of kaurenoic acid UPLC–MS/MS has been emerging as a powerful analytical technique for the determination of analyte in biological samples to improve sensitivity and selectivity. Herein‚ we developed a simple‚ selective‚ and sensitive bioanalytical UPLC-MS/MS method for the quantification of kaurenoic
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7. Modelling Polyethylene As mentioned previously‚ PE is one of the most important polymers in the world. ADMET has been used to systematically model commercially relevant polymers‚ specifically PE and copolymers of ethylene and another monomer. ADMET is capable of producing PE with specific sequences of monomer units‚ as well as random copolymers via copolymerization with 1‚9-decadiene. The ability to precisely synthesize these polymers has opened the door to exploring the molecular origins of
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compound that shifted alkane group by “2”‚ and the signal at 2 indicate the alkane group must be attached with carbonyl group. Thus‚ all the information collected from NMR suggested that the product of fisher esterification was (1‚3-dimthylbutyl) acetate. A number of errors could have occurred in this experiment‚ which could have limited the amount of desired product yield. First‚ if not enough acid catalyst was used‚ protonation of the carbonyl group on the carboxylic acid would have been difficult
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5.1 MANUFACTURING PROCESSES: Acetone is produced directly or indirectly by propylene. Early processes for the manufacture of acetone were based on the thermal decomposition of calcium acetate or the carbohydrate fermentation of corn starch or molasses. The ready availability of propylene in the 1960s led to routes based on the dehydrogenation of isopropyl alcohol or cumene peroxidation. (1) By Cumene Oxidation (Hock Process). Propene is added to benzene [71-43-2] to form cumene [98-82-8]‚ which
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(-OCH3). Similarly‚ ethyl acetate (CH3CO-OCH2CH3) is made up of acetic acid (CH3CO-OH) in which the hydroxy group has been replaced by an ethoxy group (-OCH2CH3) Although esters can be produced by many mechanisms‚ the most commonly used method is called esterification‚ which is a condensation reaction between an alcohol and an acid‚ typically in the presence of a strong acid catalyst‚ such as sulfuric acid. For example‚ ethyl acetate can be produced by reacting ethanol (ethyl alcohol) with acetic
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keep it for 15 days. This type of the extraction was collected and dried the extraction by removing solvent from distillation under reduced pressure. b) Hot extraction : In this extraction also 100gm powdered root was subjected to hot extraction. In this extraction the solvents are used polarity wise such as‚ Sl no: Solvents Polarity 1 Pet. Ether 0.1 2 Chloroform 4.81 3 Ethyl acetate 6.02 4 Ethanol 24.55 For 100gram of plant material yield (g) of the Leaves extract is as
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Diels-Alder Synthesis of Exo-Norbornene-cis-5‚6-Dicarboxylic Anhydride for Organic Chemistry Laboratory Instruction Kyle Myers and Dr. James Roark University of Nebraska at Kearney‚ Department of Chemistry‚ Kearney‚ NE 68849 Abstract A technique for the Diels-Alder synthesis of endo-norbornene-cis-5‚6dicarboxylic anhydride and its stereoisomer‚ exo-norbornene-cis-5‚6-dicarboxylic anhydride‚ is explained. To prove that each stereoisomer was made in the experiment and to distinguish between the
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