Exploring Boiling Points Introduction: Every substance has a unique set of properties that allow us to differentiate between them. These properties are classified as physical properties and chemical properties. Physical properties are those that can be determined or measured without changing the composition or identity of the substance. These properties include color‚ odor‚ taste‚ density‚ melting point‚ boiling point‚ conductivity‚ and hardness. Chemical properties tell us how the substance
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will run out if we continue using them Crude oil This fossil fuel is made up of a mixture of hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are compounds that contain hydrogen and oxygen atoms only a) b) In the exam you may be asked to identify hydrocarbons from their structure. You can see that a) is not a hydrocarbon as it contains oxygen as well Crude oil on its own is not useful but the hydrocarbons it contains on their own are useful and so they need to be separated. They are separated by a
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benzene ring. Therefore‚ this rules out all the alkanes and just leaves the phenyl hydrocarbon
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base or neither Hydrogen bonding‚ dipole-dipole interactions Rank several compounds by boiling point‚ melting point or solubility Boiling points increase as intermolecular attractive forces increase. For the alkanes‚ which are non-polar hydrocarbons‚ the intermolecular forces are induced dipole forces. In the case of the alcohols‚ the intermolecular forces include induced dipole forces‚ dipole forces‚ and hydrogen bonding. Induced dipole forces increase with increasing molecular weight
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College of food science &technology‚ bapatla-522101 CERTIFICATE Certified that this is a bonafide record done in B.tech(food technology) by S.CHITRA SAI‚ BF-09-011
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early atmosphere - earth roughly 4 billion yrs old - created by volcanoes erupting + releasing gases - contained mostly co2 + water vapour - earth cooled + water vapour condensed to form oceans - co2 dissolved into oceans + used to form marine organism shells which were compacted to form sedimentary rock - plants evolved to photosynthesise‚ takingin co2 + releasing oxygen - scientists don’t kno where all nitrogen came from bc they weren’t there to record evidence but most theories suggest
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of the main emissions. These gases do not cause damage to the atmosphere like the other gases do. Carbon Monoxide‚ other hydrocarbons‚ and Nitrogen Oxides result in a majority of the pollution caused by cars. Carbon Monoxide is a colorless and odorless gas that can kill you if too much is inhaled. Hydrocarbons come out of an engine ’s exhaust from unburned fuel. These hydrocarbons can be broken down by the sun‚ creating ground level ozone‚ also known as smog. Nitrogen oxides can cause acid rain. Catalytic
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Why I don’t do acetlyene explosions in our lab.... Combustion of alkanes A quick review.... • Combustion reactions of alkanes consist only of C and H (hydrocarbon) • require O2(g) as a reactant • produce CO2(g) and H2O(g) and a large amount of energy!! Oxygen can be the limiting reagent which can lead to Incomplete combustion. For complete combustion of a hydrocarbon‚ oxygen must be in excess. If there isn’t sufficient oxygen‚ incomplete combustion occurs and carbon monoxide is produced instead of carbon dioxide
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affected technological‚ institutional and civilizational change; the role that energy and the related technologies have played in a succession of human epochs. Social Sciences: the economics and politics of energy‚ our current dependence on hydrocarbons (which provide over 80% of the energy we use) and the role that economic principles can play in resolving the often conflicting objectives of economic growth and environmental protection; the interplay of economics‚ politics and energy security
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understanding how meristematic cells can be induced to reproduce an entire plant.Aromatic hydrocarbon or arenes are the compounds of carbon and hydrogen which contain at least one hexagonal ring of carbon called as benzene in their molecule. Aromatic hydrocarbon can contain one or more than one benzene ring. Those compounds which contain more than one benzene ring are known as polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon like naphthalene‚ anthracene etc. The aromatic compounds are generally taken as derivatives
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