Hydrogen peroxide was widely used for disinfecting‚ sterilization and its antiseptic properties‚ it is cheap and easily available OTC at any drug store or grocery store. “This readily available oxidant is rapidly converted to the highly reactive hydroxyl radical that damages an array of cellular components” (Atiyeh‚ Dibo‚ and Hayek‚ 2009). “The Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA‚ 2014). Have issued a warning regarding its use in surgery and in deep and large wounds”(Caution: Hydrogen
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evaluated for its in vivo anti-inflammatory activity‚ using the rat paw oedema assay‚ and for its in vitro IÀ scavenging effects on reactive oxygen species (ROS) (HOI‚ O2 ‚ HOCl‚ ROOI and H2O2)‚ reactive nitrogen species (RNS) (ONOOÀ and INO)‚ and I DPPH radical. The protein‚ free amino acid‚ and phenolic contents of the tincture were also determined. Pertaining to the anti-inflammatory activity‚ the intraperitoneal administration of the tincture inhibited carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema‚ whereas in the
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this is the first report regarding cupric reducing activity in derived fractions from G. procumbens leaves. The antioxidant activity of plant materials or extracts is known to be associated with polyphenols and their chemical structures that contain hydroxyl groups acting as the primary antioxidant (Jun et al.‚ 2014). 2.5.2. DPPH• scavenging activity assay DPPH• scavenging activity was measured according to a previously published method (Brand-Williams‚ Cuvelier‚ & Berset‚ 1995) with some modifications
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that when fragrance molecules wafting downwind meet up with air pollutants‚ chemical reactions alter the floral scents the fate of three common volatile hydrocarbons emitted by flowers as they encountered increasing levels of ozone‚ hydroxyl radicals‚ and nitrate radicals. The researchers plugged these data into a model to test different air pollution scenarios ranging from conditions that prevailed during the 1840s to current summertime conditions in large eastern U.S. cities‚ where ozone levels can
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infections. However when used incorrectly‚ hydrogen peroxide can cause oxidative stress on cells. This essentially means that there is an imbalance on molecules containing oxygen and the cell cannot detoxify the products. This creates free radicals such as hydroxyl radical that will damage all components of the cell‚ ultimately killing it (Tucker‚ 2012). However‚ humans actually produce
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the blood exist in two forms: bound to ceruloplasmin (85–95%) and the rest "free" loosely bound to albumin and small molecules. Free copper causes toxicity‚ as it generates reactive oxygen species such as superoxide‚ hydrogen peroxide‚ and the hydroxyl radical. These damage proteins‚ lipids and DNA.[1] Symptoms and presentation Acute symptoms of copper poisoning by ingestion include vomiting‚ hematemesis (vomiting of blood)‚ hypotension (low blood pressure)‚ melena (black "tarry" feces)‚ coma‚ jaundice
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Greenhouse gas Greenhouse effect schematic showing energy flows between space‚ the atmosphere‚ and Earth’s surface. Energy exchanges are expressed in watts per square meter (W/m2). A greenhouse gas (sometimes abbreviated GHG) is a gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal infrared range. This process is the fundamental cause of the greenhouse effect.[1] The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere are water vapor‚ carbon dioxide‚ methane‚ nitrous oxide‚
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The physical properties of a polymer are strongly dependent on the size or length of the polymer chain. Some of the polymers and their precursors are via radical mechanism or nucleophilic substitution. In this experiment‚ polystyrene‚ nylon 6‚ 10‚ and cellulose triacetate were prepared by different mechanisms. Polystyrene was generated via radical mechanism from styrene. Nylon 6‚ 10 was generated from 1‚ 6-hexanediamine and sebacoyl chloride with the loss of HCl via nucleophilic substitution. Cellulose
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toluene. Air fresheners may also contain phosphates‚ chlorine bleach‚ or ammonia. Research at the University of California found that the prominent products of the reaction of terpenes found in air fresheners with ozone included formaldehyde‚ hydroxyl radical and secondary organic aerosol. Many air fresheners employ carcinogens‚ volatile organic compounds and known toxins such as phthalate esters in their formulas. A Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) study of 13 common household air fresheners
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Chapter 2 Theoretical Framework and Related Studies Foreign Literature Tobias Dick‚ researcher at the German Cancer Research Center‚ found that cells can produce their own anti-oxidants - glutathione - which fight off oxidants. According to Hagen‚ research on the natural processes of aging‚ and steps that could slow it or improve health until near the end of life‚ are of growing importance. Low glutathione levels‚ according to anti-aging research from the New England Journal of
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