elasticity. State why each of these properties is necessary for muscle function. a. Responsiveness- is a property of all living cells- Muscle and nerve cells have developed this property to the highest degree. When stimulated by chemical signals‚ stretch‚ and other stimuli‚ muscle cells respond with electrical changes across the plasma membrane. b. Conductivity- Stimulation of a muscle cell produces more than a local effect- The local electrical change triggers a wave of excitation that travels
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Blood Clots What are blood clots? Blood is a liquid that flows within blood vessels. It is constantly in motion as the heart pumps blood through arteries to the different organs and cells of the body. The blood is returned back to the heart by the veins. Veins are squeezed when muscles in the body contract and push the blood back to the heart. Blood clotting is an important mechanism to help the body repair injured blood vessels. Blood consists of: · red blood cells containing hemoglobin that
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Bibliography: Gore‚ J. (2014‚ November 14). What Is Energy Metabolism? Retrieved from wise geek: http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-energy-metabolism.htm Stretch‚ B. (2010). BTEC Level 3 Health and Social Care Book 1. Pearson Education Limited. Taylor‚ T. (1999-2014). Cardiovascular System. Retrieved from Inner Body: http://www.innerbody.com/image/cardov.html Taylor‚ T. (1999-2014). Digestive System. Retrieved
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electrolytes and water. They also remove the waste products of metabolism‚ for example: the final products from the haemoglobin breaking down‚ urea from extra amino acids‚ “creatinine from creatine in muscle and uric acid from nucleic acids” as stated by (Stretch et.al: p174). In addition‚ they remove unnecessary chemicals from the blood‚ for example toxins‚ pesticides‚ drugs and food additives. Last of all‚ they secrete a hormone that manages the production of renin and blood cells. This is known as erythropoietin
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Cell structure and organization • Chloroplasts o Site of photosynthesis where light energy is absorbed o Consist of grana which are stacked up to increase surface area for absorption of light o Only present in plant cells • Cell membrane (plasma membrane) o Lipid bilayer that surrounds the cell‚ interspersed with protein molecule o Presence of temporary pores o Selectively permeable Controls movement of substances o Diffusion‚ osmosis and active transport can therefore take place o Prevent outflowing
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heart is simple a pump which forces the blood around our bodies through the pipe work we call our arteries and veins. We can measure this force on our vascular system by measuring our blood pressure. Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and it is recorded as two figures. Normal blood pressure is normally around 120/80. When the heart beats (pumps) the pressure in our arteries increases‚ this is the top figure our Systolic pressure. When the heart isn’t beating (resting in-between
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2 D 3 C Short questions (p. 77) 4 a SA node 1m b i To allow the complete emptying of the atria before the ventricles contract. 1m OR To allow ventricles to be filled before contraction. 1m ii To force the blood upwards into the arteries / blood vessels / out of the heart. 1m 5 HKALE Biology 2003 II Q4c 6 a Medulla oblongata 1m b i Heart rate increases. 1m ii Heart rate increases. 1m c The impulse spreads through the atria / right atrium / cardiac muscle 1m to
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The area between these two bones serves as a passage way for the subclavian artery‚ the subclavian vein‚ and the neurovascular bundle made of the brachial plexus and some smaller nerves (Surg 28). The cause of the compression varies and can include: anatomical defects‚ these defects are inherited defects that are present at birth may include
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1. One patient has a grade I tumor of the lung‚ while another patient has a grade IV tumor of the lung. Explain how tumors in various stages are similar and how they differ. (1 point) Both stage I and stage IV lung cancer is presented with cellular differentiation‚ loss of normal tissue structure‚ as well as irregular size and shape of the nucleus. Normal cells are able to divide and die cancer cells are pile up on top of each other forming a tumor. The staging and grading of cancer depends on
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closed by sphincter of Oddi E. After entering the pancreatic head turns superiorly 42. The common hepatic duct: A. Drains the bile and pancreatic secretion B. Is formed by fusion of hepatic and cystic duct ( =common bile duct) C. Runs with the portal vein the lesser omentum D. Is formed by fusion of right and left bile duct E. None of above (is formed by the fusion of right and left hepatic duct‚ joins the cystic duct and forms the common bile duct) 1. By the union of the bile duct and cystic
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