chemical bonding theory; nomenclature of organic compounds; basic organic reactions; mechanisms of the basic organic reactions; organic synthesis and applications of organic chemistry in industry: polymers‚ petrochemicals‚ sugars‚ proteins and pharmaceutical chemistry. Course Objectives: To enable students to acquire a fundamental understanding of the basic scientific knowledge in modern organic chemistry and its applications to everyday life‚ and to become familiar with the principles of bonding‚ nomenclature
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Linus Pauling is said to be one of the most significant scientists to have ever lived. Given Pauling’s wide array of accomplishments‚ ranging from winning the nobel peace prize to solving complex atomic structures‚ it is easy to see why he has earned the respect of so many in the scientific community. Pauling was born on February 28‚ 1901 in Portland‚ Oregon. Even as a young boy he took interest in science; a friend introduced him to a toy chemistry set‚ and instantly young Linus was hooked and began
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etc (occur as ions or in inorganic compounds within living organisms) Rest of the elements required are founds in such small amounts (0.5-------->1.7----------> 3.2 0- exactly zero is purely covalent 0-0.5: covalent 0.5-1.7: polar covalent 1.7-3.2: Ionic( metal & non mental) -3. Polar Covalent bonds: shared electrons are pulled closer to one of the elements than the other ( different in electronegativities does not surpass 1.7) : the atom that attracts the valence electrons more strongly
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difference non polar- cant tell • Ionic is m+non metallic m+m covalent non+non • 2 types of intermolecular forces are van der walls & hydrogen bonds. • Ionization energy- E is required to remove an e- • Electronegivity- desire for electrons highest closer the the right • Highest ionization energy is helium • Potassium bromine the element bromine forms an anion • Alkali metals +earth metals conduct electricity • Covalent bonds form when 2 elements with high electroneg
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Molecules‚ by definition‚ are most often held together with covalent bonds involving single‚ double‚ and/or triple bonds‚ where a "bond" is a shared pair of electrons (the other method of bonding between atoms is called ionic bonding and involves a positive cation and a negative anion). Molecular geometries can be specified in terms of bond lengths‚ bond angles and torsional angles. The bond length is defined to be the average distance between the centers of two atoms bonded together in any given
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with electrons hanging out in the electron clouds around them. Also‚ there are chemical bonds between atoms in a lot of different kinds of matter. These bonds involve the borrowing and loaning of electrons (the so-called ionic bonds) or the sharing of electrons (the so-called covalent bonds). That’s matter‚ and now we’re going to see what happens when we shoot stuff at it. Incoming! If electromagnetic (EM) radiation of sufficient energy slices into matter‚ things happen - and they ain’t good. A general
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Kim Lâm : Ms. Võ Diệu Ánh Dương Ms. Hồ Như Ngọc : Rm. A1.705 : 9:00-11:00 AM‚ Thursday (LKH) Chemistry for Engineers (CH011IU) - Lecture 7 - Semester 1: 2014-2015 huynhkimlam.iu@gmail.com / lamhuynh.info Molecular forces Intramolecular forces (bonding forces) – exist within each molecule – influence the chemical properties of the substance – are relatively strong (larger charges that are closer together) Intermolecular forces (nonbonding forces) – exist between the molecules – influence the physical
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Human Anatomy & Physiology‚ 7e (Marieb) Chapter 2 Chemistry Comes Alive MATCHING QUESTIONS [pic] Figure 2.1 Using Figure 2.1‚ match the following: 1) Lipid. Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 46-47; Fig. 2.15 2) Functional protein. Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 50; Fig. 2.19a 3) Nucleotide. Answer: E Diff: 2 Page Ref: 55; Fig. 2.22a 4) Polysaccharide. Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 45; Fig. 2.14a
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Also‚ write down the number of protons and neutrons for each. Finally‚ write the symbols (with mass no. and atomic no.) 5) Why have all Group 7 elements (halogens) got similar chemical properties? 6) Draw how ionic bonding occurs in LiCl‚ MgO and Mg Cl2. 7) Draw how covalent bonding occurs in CH4‚ F2 and H20 (H-O-H). 8) Balance this equation: C3H8 + O2 ---------> CO2 + H2O. Then‚ work out the masses each side to prove they are the same. (C = 12; H = 1; O = 16). 9) Write the name and formula
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Chemistry All about matter There are three different stages of matter: Solid‚ Liquid and Gas Solid (s): Have a certain volume and shape. “Particles” are arranged in a specific crystalline patter and they only vibrate around fixed positions. Liquid (l): Have a fixed volume‚ but not shape. The particles have some freedom and can move around each other. They collide often. Gas (g): Doesn’t have a fix volume or shape. (Takes up the space where it is) Particles move freely in all space available
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