The purpose of this lab was to observe the spectral lines of different light sources (Iodine‚ hydrogen‚ helium‚ krypton‚ mercury‚ neon‚ and argon) and to find the wavelength‚ frequency‚ and energy of the emissions of vaporized metallic ions. First‚ we took spectroscopes to look at each light source. The iodine light source seemed coral to the naked eye. When observed with a spectroscope‚ it was clear that there were many red spectral lines followed by relatively similar quantities of orange‚ yellow
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AS Chemistry Revision-Chemistry for Life 1. Avagadro constant‚ 6.02 x 10²³ number of particles in 1 mole of a substance 2. Empirical formula-simplest ratio of atoms of each element in a compound 3. 4. Model of an atom Particle Mass on relative atomic scale Charge Proton 1 1+ Neutron 1 0 Electron Very small (0.00055) 1- 5. Radioactive isotopes Radiation What is it? Relative charge How does the nucleus change? Stopped by? Deflection in electric field? Alpha α Helium nuclei ⁴₂He +2 2 fewer
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Sydney Schell October 18th‚ 2012 Identifying Metallic Components Introduction: Spectroscopy is the study of the electromagnetic radiation emitted or absorbed by the atoms and molecules. A photon in short is light. Atoms produce light by putting energy in‚ the electron then becomes excited and goes up an energy level‚ the electron then falls back down to its ground state‚ and out comes a photon (light). The electromagnetic spectrum contains color that we can and cannot see. The color blue has
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Chapter 7 same number of valence electrons=behave similarly(chemical properties) ▪ neon gases (neon‚ argon) unreactive in chemical reactions(stable) ▪ Gilbert Lewis-octet rule(atoms tend to achieve electron configuration of gas) ▪ atoms of metallic atoms lose electrons‚ atoms of nonmetal atoms lose or share electrons with another nonmetal elements to achieve a complete octet ▪ to achieve octet‚ change electrons to ge ns2 np6 configuration ▪ remove electrons=ionization ▪ metals in group
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Melting point is the temperature at which the lattice is collapses and the solid is converted into liquid. The trend in structure is from the metallic oxides containing giant structures of ions on the left of the period via a giant covalent oxide in the middle to molecular oxides on the right. Sodium peroxide‚ magnesium oxide and aluminum oxide are metallic oxide which have high melting and boiling point compared to other period 3 oxide. This is due to their giant ionic structure and the strong ionic
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Experiment #9 – Identification of Aldehydes and Ketones Introduction Aldehydes and ketones share the carbonyl functional group which features carbon doubly bonded to oxygen. In the case of ketones there are two carbon atoms bonded to the carbonyl carbon and no hydrogens. In the case of aldehydes there is at least one hydrogen bonded to the carbonyl carbon; the other attachment may be to a carbon or a hydrogen. In all cases the carbon(s) that are attached to the carbonyl group may be aliphatic (not
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Semester 1 Revision The list below will assist you to check your understanding of the main concepts studied in Semester One. Work carefully through the list below and make sure that you can do what the statement says. This is not a course summary. It is a checklist for you to use to identify areas where you need extra work and a guide for your study. Macroscopic properties of matter I can | | | Classification
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and metallic bonds are formed by combinations of metals and nonmetals. * Metal + nonmetal = ionic bond * Nonmetal + nonmetal = covalent bond * Metal + metal = metallic bond When two elements engage in ionic bonding‚ one or more electrons are transferred from the metal to the nonmetal‚ forming ions (charged atoms). The metal‚ having lost one or more electrons‚ forms a cation‚ an ion with a positive charge; the nonmetal‚ having gained one or more electrons‚ becomes an anion‚ an ion with
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Solids • metals (good electrical/heat conductors) • semiconductors • insulators (poor electrical/heat conductors) Bonding in solids: Ionic solids Ionic solid crystals (e.g. NaCl) are held together by the Coulomb attractive interaction between ions with opposite sign (ionic bonding) e2 b U = −αk + m r r (α = 1.7476 for Na +Cl − ) (m ~ 10) k = 1 / 4πε 0 Madelung constant Ionic cohesive energy: 11 U0 = min U (r ) = −αk 1 − m r0 mb r0 = αk 1 m −1
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1.0 INTRODUCTION Flame photometry‚ also referred to as ’flame atomic emission spectrometry ’ is a quick‚ economical and simple way of detecting traces of metal ions‚ primarily Sodium‚ Potassium‚ Lithium‚ Calcium‚ and Barium‚ in a concentrated solution. The process is an extension of the principles used in a flame test‚ with the main differences having more precision in the results‚ and the use of more advanced technology. This report focuses on the theory‚ applications‚ limitations and analysis
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