the vapor phase fugacity Use the activity coefficient to calculate the liquid (or solid) phase fugacity Identify conditions when a liquid or solid mixture would form an ideal solution Explain when Lewis-Randall versus Henry ideal solution reference states are appropriate Use the Gibbs-Duhem equation to relate activity coefficients in a mixture Perform bubble-point and dew point calculations using Raoult’s Law using complete fugacity relations (assuming known fugacity coefficients and activity
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age of 7 days old and 28 days old to improve the accuracy of the results. The compressive‚ flexural‚ and tensile strength values were calculated and then averaged. The average compressive‚ flexural and tensile strength of the different concrete mixtures are shown in Table 1. Table 1: Average Strengths of Concrete Samples Age (days) Average Concrete Strengths (psi) Designed 3000 psi 4500 psi 6000 psi 7 Compressive 2504.3 3030.3 4855.3 Tensile 293.4 335.1 466.9 Flexural
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Instructions Extracting the Starch 1 Grate the potato and add it to the mortar. 2 Add about 100 cubic centimeters of distilled water and grind the potato mixture thoroughly. Pour the liquid off through a tea strainer into a beaker. Repeat this procedure twice more. 3 Leave the liquid to settle in the beaker. The white starch should sink to the bottom. Decant the water carefully. Add another 100 cubic centimeters of distilled water‚ stir‚ leave to settle and decant. Making the Plastic
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neutralization‚ extraction ABSTRACT: The purpose of this experiment is to separate the substances in the acidic mixture and identify each constituent in the mixture that were individually separated using extraction. Three reaction tubes were used in the experiment. An acidic mixture containing benzoic acid‚ naphthalene‚ and phenol was weighed and placed in Tube 1 and the mixture was allowed to separate after adding saturated solution of sodium bicarbonate. The aqueous layer was then transferred
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bulk of the acetamido group has no influence. The ortho substitution product is formed in small quantities in this reaction. SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS Concentrated sulfuric and nitric acids‚ in combination‚ form a very hazardous and corrosive mixture. These acids should be poured together carefully‚ and this procedure should be carried out in a hood‚ since noxious vapors are produced. You will begin with the sample of acetanilide you isolated and purified in the first two experiments. If you
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Federal Department of the Environment‚ Transport‚ Energy and Communications DETEC Federal Office of Civil Aviation FOCA Aviation Policy and Strategy Environmental Affairs AIRCRAFT PISTON ENGINE EMISSIONS SUMMARY REPORT Purpose of this paper: This paper aims to inform interested parties about the development of aircraft piston engine emission factors. These have been measured and are provided by Swiss FOCA for the primary purpose of emission inventory calculations. Furthermore‚ FOCA presents
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Condensates) (s) > (g) = sublimation (s) > (l) = melting (l) > (g) = boiling (l) > (s) = freezing (g) > (s) = reverse sublimation (g) > (l) = condensation Dry ice (carbon dioxide: CO2) goes from solid straight to gas. Elements‚ compounds and mixtures Element = grundämne Only contains one type of atoms. E.g. Helium (He)‚ Sulphur (S)‚ Hydrogen (H)‚ Iron (Fe)‚ Sodium (Na)‚ Potassium (K)‚ Nitrogen (N)‚ Oxygen (O) Elements can be divided into metals‚ non-metals and half metals. Have different
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anaerobic breakdown of the respiratory substrate‚ sucrose‚ in the yeast cells. The effects of an inhibitor on respiratory enzyme were also looked at. It is hypothesized that the five different reaction mixtures shown in Appendix 1 with their contents‚ would each have a CO2 production that is not the same. Mixture 1‚ which was the control‚ is expected to produce CO2 at a slower rate because it must be converted to glucose first. There are two ways in which a cell or cells can gain energy – cellular respiration
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Organic chemistry 201 | Mixed Melting Points | Determination of an Unknown Solid | | [Type the author name] | 9/15/2011 | Purpose : The main purpose of this experiment was to identify an unknown compound/substance by performing multiple experimental melting point tests. Pure and impure solids were tested to see what affect pureness/impureness had on a melting point. Background: The melting point of a solid can be used to determine the purity of the solid. Pure samples usually have
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Experiment 2: Fractional Distillation of a Mixture of Two Unknowns Background: Boiling is a process familiar to anyone who has cooked pasta or brewed tea. As heat is applied to a pan of water‚ the temperature of the water increases until it reaches 100°C (212°F). At this temperature‚ additional heat causes the water to bubble vigorously as the liquid water is converted into gaseous water‚ or steam. Most organic liquids will behave in a similar fashion. On heating‚ the temperature of the liquid
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