Abstract Al-Fatih was an Ottoman leadership figure who was characterized as wise‚ of great fame and a leader to be reckoned with. His figure‚ leadership and wisdom can be seen in his successful war strategies against enemies in each and every military expedition. The objective of this article is to analyze war strategic planning undertaken by Sultan Muhammad al-Fatih in a series of wars and the opening of territories which led to Ottoman’s victories and success. Key words: Muhammad
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Chapter 26 VOCAB 1. Ottomans: Turkic people who advanced from strongholds in Asia Minor during 1350s; conquered large part of Balkans; unified under Mehmed I; captured Constantinople in 1453; established empire from Balkans that included most of Arab world. 2. Mehmed II: Ottoman sultan called the "Conqueror"; responsible for conquest of Constantinople in 1453; destroyed what remained of Byzantine Empire. 3. Janissaries: Ottoman infantry divisions that dominated Ottoman armies; forcibly conscripted
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Indo-Europeans. The Armenian people living in the Ottoman provinces of eastern Anatolia‚ like other non-Turkish and non-Muslim subjects of the Empire‚ had long suffered from systematic discrimination and‚ at times‚ harsh persecution. For them the Ottoman Empire’s entry into the First World War was to have particularly devastating consequences. Indeed‚ it is widely claimed that the Armenians were victims of a deliberate genocide perpetrated by the Ottoman authorities – an accusation that continues to
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Turkey. The area previously known as Constantinople‚ ancient Byzantium‚ is a large seaport city of Turkey that connects Europe and Asia across the Bosphorus Strait. It was the capital of both the Byzantine Empire and the Ottoman Empire. By the mid 1500’s‚ this area was the nucleus for Ottoman military operations‚ was a major cultural‚ political‚ and commercial center populated by a half a million people. Commissioned in 1550 by Sultan Süleyman I‚ the Süleymaniye Mosque was “the fourth imperial mosque
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The Ottomans inherited a rich mixture of political traditions from vastly disparate ethnic groups: Turks‚ Persians‚ Mongols‚ Mesopotamian and‚ of course‚ Islam. The Ottoman state‚ like the Turkish‚ Mongol‚ and Mesopotamian states rested on a principle of absolute authority in the monarch. The nature of Ottoman autocracy‚ however‚ is greatly misunderstood and misinterpreted in the West‚ particularly in world history textbooks. The central function of the ruler or Sultan in Ottoman political theory
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The Safavids (15011736) Who are they? ● The Safavids were members of the Safavid Empire that ruled Persia (present day Iran) from 15011736 and strayed from Sunni Islam and founded Shia Islam as the official religion of the state. Where are they from? ● The Safavids were from Persia‚ which is now presentday Iran. What nations or empires bordered this kingdom? ● The Ottoman Empire bordered the Safavid Empire from the west ○ composed of Turkey‚ Egypt‚ Greece‚ Bulgaria‚ Romania‚ Macedonia
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Chapter 11 Mongol armies besieged the Genoese trading on Black Sea in 1346 Damaged trading links between East Asia and Mediterranean bubonic plague Geneose merchants and soldiers withdrew‚ taking germs with them reached Messina‚ Sicily‚ half were dead and rest dying went port to port‚ spreading the germs killed one third of European population land and sea trailes of human voyagers became accidental conduits for deadly microbes devastated societies more than Mongol warfare “murderous
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the Ottoman Empire (Lecture on Bahrain and Syria). The Ottoman Empire had assumed authority over most of the Middle East‚ and their government was mostly dominated by Turkish officials. The Arab population within the Ottoman Empire wanted to create an independent Arab state without any ties to the Ottoman Empire. The United Kingdom and France stated that they would provide support to Sharif Hussein of Mecca and Medina in creating an Arab state if they were to revolt against the Ottoman Empire. This
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the Ottoman Empire. A movement started in 1878 including Russia and the three Balkan States. They wanted to gain their independance and also reunite the Balkan Slav countries back under one rule. Russia agreed to help the balkan states for two reasons. One‚ they wanted to support and free the slavs from the Ottoman Empire and two‚ if they helped the Balkan states they would be gained access to warm water from the Mediterranean. This movement arose and created a war between the Ottoman Empire and
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cause could be considered the decline of the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman Empire for many years was very strong to begin with it had‚ strong sultans and a working millet system. After the 1699 defeat however by the Hapsburg Empire (Britain) the empire goes into decline. The treaty signed after the defeat‚ Treaty of Karlowitz‚ prevents the Ottoman Empire from expanding. The decline of the Ottoman Empire created weak and incompetent
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