(Anderson‚ 1985). The samples were examined for confirmation of the presence of oocysts by modified Ziehl–Neelsen staining method (Henriksen and Pohlenz ‚1981). The infective samples were preserved by mixing with an equal volume of 2.5% potassium dichromate‚ in accordance with Current et al. 1983 and Campbell and Current. 1983. The infective inoculum was prepared in accordance with Reese et al.‚ 1982. The number of oocysts of Cryptosporidium in the stock inoculums was determined using a hemocytometer
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29 Heat and Volume Effects Experiment 9 ………………………………………………………………………….31 Flame Test Experiment 10 ………………………………………………………………………..32 Electromotive Series Experiment 11 ………………………………………………………………………...33 Oxidation – Reduction Reactions/ Some Aspects of Corrosion Experiment 12………………………………………………………………………….35 Colligative Properties GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS TO THE STUDENTS Apparatus ▪ Check each piece of apparatus‚ which you
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Assignments in Science Class X (Term II) 4 Carbon and its Compounds IMPORTANT NOTES 9. Unsaturated organic compounds : Organic compounds in which a double or a triple bond exists between two carbon atoms in a carbon chain‚ are called unsaturated organic compounds. 10. Hydrocarbons : Organic compounds which contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms are called hydrocarbons. 11. Straight chain hydrocarbons : Hydrocarbons‚ in which all the carbon atoms are linked to one another in a straight chain
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ethane and water? I Hydrogenation II hydration III addition IV substitution 4. A substance with a pleasant smell that undergoes hydrolysis to form an alcohol as one of the products is likely to be: a) sodium ethanoate b) ethanoic acid c) ethanol d) butyl ethanoate 5. The correct name for the substance with the following structural formula is: H H O H H H--
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microorganisms. The sludge is largely converted to ’biogas’‚ a mixture of CH4 and CO2‚ which is used to generate electricity for the plant. The liquid is treated by bacteria which break down the organic matter remaining in solution. It is then sent to oxidation ponds where heterotrophic bacteria continue the breakdown of the organics and solar UV light destroys the harmful bacteria. The role of the laboratory A wide variety of analytical tests are used to determine the purity of the wastewater at various
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the organic matter present in the waste and is expressed in mg/1. Another quick measure of organic matter present in waste is Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and in this case chemical oxidants (potassium dichromate in acidic conditions) are used instand of aerobic micro-organisms for the oxidation of organic matter. Generally COD of a waste will be higher than its BOD because more organic compound can be chemically oxidized than biochemically. Types of Water Pollution: Natural Water Pollution:
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molten sodium chloride? I. Sodium and chloride ions move through the electrolyte. II. Electrons move through the external circuit. III. Oxidation takes place at the positive electrode (anode). A. I and II only B. I and III only C. II and III only D. I‚ II and III (2) 3. What happens to the Cr3+(aq) ion when it is converted to CrO (aq)? A. Its oxidation number decreases and it undergoes reduction. B. Its oxidation number decreases and it undergoes oxidation. C. Its oxidation number increases
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after the muscle is washed. It suggests that washing may promote oxidation in mince since it effectively removes antioxidants from the fish. In addition‚ the neutral lipids are more easily removed than polar lipids‚ phospholipids and free fatty acid are concentrated in the end of the product. In this case Eymard et al. did the experiment washing mince mackerel with cold distilled water three times with evaluated lipid oxidation in mince in each step (Eymard et al.‚ 2009). A significant portion
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(vi)Double decomposition reaction (reaction between sodium sulphate and barium chloride) APPARATUS REQUIRED: 1. A rack of at least six clean test tubes and a boiling tube (hard glass test tube) 2. Two 100 cc beakers 3. A test tube holder CHEMICALS REQUIRED: 1. Small pieces of quicklime (CaO) in crystal form and not in powder form 2. Ferrous sulphate crystals 3. Copper sulphate solution 4. Iron filings 5. Sodium sulphate solution 6. Barium chloride solution 7
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|33 |[Ar]3d104s24p3 | |Sb |51 |[Kr]4d105s25p3 | |Bi |83 |[Xe]4f 145d106s26p3 | General introduction‚ electronic configuration‚ occurrence‚ oxidation states‚ trends in physical and chemical properties; nitrogen - preparation‚ properties and uses; compounds of nitrogen: preparation and properties of ammonia and nitric acid‚ oxides of nitrogen (structure only); Phosphorous-allotropic forms; compounds
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