Activity 1 - Hematocrit Determination 1. List the hematocrits for the healthy make (sample 1) and female (sample 2) living in Boston (at sea level) and indicate whether they are normal or whether they indicate anemia or polycythemia. Healthy Male (Sample 1) = 48 and Healthy Female = 44. Both are normal as the average hematocrit for males is 42-52%‚ and the average for females is 37-47% 2. Describe the difference between the hematocrits for the male and female living in Boston. Why does this difference
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1. George Brown‚ 72 years of age‚ is a male patient who is admitted with the diagnosis of acute pulmonary edema secondary to acute left ventricular heart failure. The patient has a history of coronary artery disease that has been treated medically. The patient is anxious‚ pale‚ cold‚ clammy‚ and dyspneic. The vital signs are: blood pressure 88/50 mm Hg‚ heart rate 110 bpm‚ respiratory rate 32 breaths/min‚ and temperature 97°F. There are bubbling crackles and wheezing throughout the lung fields and
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After 3 days diabetes was confirmed by the presence of high blood glucose levels. Induction of myocardial infarction (MI) in experimental animal Myocardial infarction was induced in the rats (Group 2‚ Group 3 and Group 4) by intraperitoneal injection of isoproterenol hydrochloride at a dose of 80 mg/kg body weight for two consecutive days (after pre-treatment with leaf extract and
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recognizable forms of hypoxic injury and is caused by a blockage in the coronary arteries of the heart. Once the blood flow to heart tissue decreases or stops completely‚ the heart tissue is damaged and can lead to further complications including a myocardial infarction. Another form of cell injury is free radicals and reactive oxygen species. “An important mechanism of cellular injury is injury induced by free radicals‚ especially by reactive oxygen species (ROS); this form of injury is called oxidative
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Case Study # 1 1. Briefly describe the pathophysiology of CAD (25 points) Coronary artery disease is one of the most prominent forms of heart disease. It occurs when the coronary arteries that supply the heart blood become narrowed‚ and eventually occluded. This narrowing typically takes place because of plaque build up due to cholesterol and other fatty substances being ingested‚ also called atherosclerosis. This thickening of the artery wall can take many years‚ eventually completely inhibiting
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Clinical Manifestations of endocarditis – mostly non-specific |Table 124–2 Clinical and Laboratory Features of Infective Endocarditis | | | |Feature
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pressure and tension are greater on the left side of the heart. When systolic dysfunction affects the right side of the heart‚ blood flow through the pulmonary circulation is reduced. The most common precipitating cause of systolic dysfunction is acute myocardial
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cocaine HCl use is more likely (approximately 80% of the time) to cause hemorrhagic stroke; approximately half the intracranial hemorrhages occurring after cocaine use are from ruptured cerebral saccular aneurysms or vascular malformations. Acute effects of cocaine include decreased food intake‚ increased activity‚ effusiveness‚ and diminished fatigue. Repetitive motor activity is observed with higher doses. Overdose can result in convulsions‚ hyperthermia‚ coma‚ and death. A dose-dependent
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& Gersh‚ B. (2009). Chronic coronary artery disease: diagnosis and management. Mayo Clinic Proceedings‚ 84(12)‚ 1130-1146. doi:10.4065/mcp.2009.0391 DiSabatino‚ A. J & Butcher‚ L. (2008). Nusing management: coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndrome. In Brown‚ D.‚ Edwards‚ H.‚ Lewis‚ S.‚ Heitkemper‚ M.‚ Dirkson‚ S.‚ O’Brien‚ P.‚ & Bucher‚ L. (Eds.). Lewis’s medical-surgical nursing: assessment and management of clinical problems. (2nd ed.). Sydney: Mosby. Faxon‚ D. P.
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elevated cholesterol‚ and poorly controlled type II diabetes. He has recently quit smoking and drinks up to 12 beers on the weekend. He lives a sedentary lifestyle and works long hours in Information Technology. His father died at 65 from an Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI)‚ and his mother lives next door and requires assistance with Activities of Daily Living (ADL’s).
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